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\title{XFree86 Video Timings HOWTO ÖÐÎÄ°æ}
\author{×÷Õß: Eric S. Raymond $<$esr@thyrsus.com$>$\\ 
ÒëÕß: ÅíÑ¸ $<$pxun@163.net$>$}
\date{4.4°æ,2000Äê3ÔÂ13ÈÕ·­ÒëÍê³ÉÈÕÆÚ: 2000Äê4ÔÂ1ÈÕ}
\abstract{±¾ÎÄÃèÊöÁËÈçºÎÎªÌØ¶¨ÏÔÊ¾¿¨/ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ×éºÏ±àÐ´\idx{XFree86}ÏÂµÄÄ£Ê½ÐÐ.XFree86·¢ÐÐ°æÏÖÔÚ°üº¬ÁËºÜºÃµÄ¹¤¾ß,¿ÉÒÔÅäÖÃ´ó¶àÊýµÄ±ê×¼×éºÏ;±¾ÎÄµÄÖ÷ÒªÓÃÍ¾ÔÚì¶Îª¸ßÐÔÄÜÏÔÊ¾Æ÷»ò·Ç³£ÌØÊâµÄÓ²¼þÊÖ¹¤µ÷ÕûÄ£Ê½ÐÐ.ËüÒ²¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÄãÊ¹ÓÃkvideogenÀ´Éú³ÉÄ£Ê½ÐÐ,»òÓÃxvidtuneÀ´ÐÞ¸Ä²»Ì«ÊÊºÏÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÄ³ÖÖ±ê×¼Ä£Ê½.}


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\section{ÃâÔðÉùÃ÷}



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\section{Ð÷ÂÛ\label{intro}}



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\section{ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÔõÑù¹¤×÷\label{video}}



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±¾Ö¸ÄÏµÄÔçÆÚ°æ±¾ÔÚ¹ý¶ÈÇý¶¯¶àÆµÍ¬²½ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷·½ÃæÏàµ±»ý¼«,ÇýÊ¹ËüÃÇ³¬¹ýÆäÃûÒåÉÏµÄ×î¸ß³¡ÆµÒÔ»ñµÃ¸üºÃµÄÐÔÄÜ.ÄÇÒÔááÆäËûÈËÏòÎÒÃÇÖ¸³öÁË¸ü¶àÀíÓÉ¸æ½ëÕâÖÖ×ö·¨;ÎÒÃÇ½«ÔÚÏÂÃæÕÂ½Ú\ref{overd} {(¹ý¶ÈÇý¶¯ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷)}ÖÐÂÛ¼°.




\subsection{ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÆµ¿í}

ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÆµ¿íÓ¦¸Ã°üÀ¨ÔÚÊÖ²áµÄ¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñÒ³ÖÐ.Èç¹ûÃ»ÓÐ,¿´¿´ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ×î¸ß¶î¶¨·Ö±æÂÊ.×÷ÎªÒ»¸ö¾­Ñé·¨Ôò,ÕâÀïÖ¸³öÔõÑù°ÑËüÃÇ×ª»¯ÎªÆµ¿íµÄ¹À¼ÆÖµ(´Ó¶ø×ª»¯ÎªÄã¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃµÄµãÊ±ÖÓµÄ´óÖÂÉÏÏÞ):

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        640x480                 25
        800x600                 36
        1024x768                65
        1024x768¸ôÐÐ          45
        1280x1024               110
        1600x1200               185
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


Ë³±ãËµÒ»¾ä,ÕâÕÅ±í¸ñÃ»Ê²÷áÉñÃØµÄ;ÕâÐ©ÖµÖ»ÊÇÔÚ±ê×¼XFree86Ä£Ê½Êý¾Ý¿âÖÐÃ¿ÖÖ·Ö±æÂÊµÄ×îµÍµãÊ±ÖÓ¶øÒÑ(×îááµÄÒ»¸öÀýÍâ,ÊÇÎÒÓÃ²åÖµ·¨²¹ÉÏµÄ).Êµ¼ÊÉÏÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Æµ¿íºÜ¿ÉÄÜ¸ßì¶ËüÔÚ×î¸ß·Ö±æÂÊÏÂÒªÇóµÄ×îÐ¡Öµ,ËùÒÔ²»Òªµ£ÐÄÈ¥³¢ÊÔÒ»¸ö¸ßÈô¸ÉMHzµÄµãÊ±ÖÓ.

Ò²Çë×¢Òâ¶ÔÔ¼65MHzÒÔÏÂµÄµãÊ±ÖÓÀ´Ëµ,Æµ¿íºÜÉÙÊÇÒ»ÏîÓÐÓ°ÏìµÄÒòËØ.¶Ôì¶Ò»ÕÅSVGAÏÔÊ¾¿¨ºÍ´ó¶àÊý¸ß·Ö±æÂÊÏÔÊ¾Æ÷¶øÑÔ,ÄãÔõ÷áÒ²²»»á´ïµ½ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Æµ¿íµÄÏÞÖµ.ÏÂÁÐ¸÷ÏîÊÇÀý×Ó:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        ÐÍºÅ                          Æµ¿í
        ----------                      ------
        NEC 4D                          75MHz
        Nano 907a                       50MHz
        Nano 9080i                      60MHz
        Mitsubishi HL6615               110MHz
        Mitsubishi Diamond Scan         100MHz
        IDEK MF-5117                    65MHz
        IOCOMM Thinksync-17 CM-7126     136MHz
        HP D1188A                       100MHz
        Philips SC-17AS                 110MHz
        Swan SW617                      85MHz
        Viewsonic 21PS                  185MHz
        PanaSync/Pro P21                220MHz
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


ÉõÖÁµÍµµÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÔÚÆä¶î¶¨·Ö±æÂÊÍ¨³£Ò²²»»áÌ«ÊÜÏÞì¶Æµ¿í.NEC Multisync IIÊÇÒ»¸öºÜºÃµÄÀý×Ó --- °´ÕÕÆä¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñÉõÖÁ²»ÄÜÏÔÊ¾800x600.ËüÖ»ÄÜÏÔÊ¾800x560.¶ÔÕâÑùµÄµÍ·Ö±æÂÊÄã²»ÐèÒª¸ßµÄµãÊ±ÖÓ»ò´óµÄÆµ¿í;»òÐíÄã¿ÉÒÔ×öµ½×îºÃµÄÊÇ32MHz»ò36MHz,Á½ÕßÀë¸ÃÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ¶î¶¨Æµ¿í30MHzÈÔ²»Ì«Ô¶.

ÔÚÕâÁ½¸öÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊÏÂ,ÄãµÄÆÁÄ»Í¼ÏóÒ²ÐíÃ»ÓÐÀíÓ¦´ïµ½µÄÄÇ÷áÇåÎú,µ«Í¼ÏóÖÊÁ¿ÏÔÈ»¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊÜ.Èç¹ûNEC Multisync IIÆµ¿íÄÜ¸ßì¶36MHzµ±È»¸üºÃ.µ«¶ÔÆÕÍ¨ÈÎÎñÏóÎÄ±¾±à¼­¶øÑÔÕâ²»ÊÇºÜ¹Ø¼üµÄ,Ö»Òª²î±ð²»ÒªÏÔÖøµ½Ôì³ÉÑÏÖØÍ¼Ïó±äÐÎ¼´¿É(Èç¹ûÕâÑùÄãµÄÑÛ¾¦»áÁ¢¿Ì¸æËßÄãµÄ).




\subsection{ÏÔÊ¾¿¨µÄµãÊ±ÖÓ}

ÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÊÖ²áµÄ¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñÒ³Í¨³£»á¸æËßÄã¸Ã¿¨µÄ×î´ó\idx{µãÊ±ÖÓ}(ÄÇÊÇÖ¸Ã¿ÃëÖÓÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÄÜÐ´µ½ÆÁÄ»ÉÏµÄÏñËØ×Ü¸öÊý).

Èç¹ûÊÖ²áÃ»ÓÐÕâÏîÐÅÏ¢,X·þÎñÆ÷¿ÉÒÔÎªÄã²é³ö.×î½ü°æ±¾µÄX·þÎñÆ÷È«¶¼Ö§³Ö --probeonly Ñ¡Ïî,¿ÉÒÔÏÔÊ¾³öÕâÏîÐÅÏ¢È»ááÍË³ö,ÓÃ²»ÖøÕæÕýÆô¶¯X»ò¸Ä±äÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½.

Èç¹ûÄãµÄXÃ»ÓÐ --probeonly Ñ¡ÏîÒ²²»Òªµ£ÐÄ.¼´Ê¹XËø×¡ÁËÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷,ËüÈÔ»á°ÑÒ»ÐÐ¹Øì¶Ê±ÖÓºÍÆäËü´íÎóµÄÐÅÏ¢ÏÔÊ¾ÔÚ±ê×¼Êä³öÉÏ.Èç¹ûÄã°ÑÕâÌõÐÅÏ¢ÖØ¶¨Ïòµ½Ò»¸öÎÄ¼þ,Ëü»á±»±£´æÏÂÀ´,¼´Ê¹Äã²»µÃ²»ÖØÆô¶¯ÒÔ»Øµ½¿ØÖÆÌ¨.

Ì½²éµÄ½á¹û»òÆô¶¯ÐÅÏ¢¿´ÉÏÈ¥Ó¦¸ÃÀàËÆÒÔÏÂÊ¾ÀýÖ®Ò»:

Èç¹ûÄãÊ¹ÓÃXFree86:
(Òë×¢:ÒÔÏÂÎªÆÁÄ»Êä³ö,----ÏÂÎªÆÁÄ»Êä³öµÄ·­ÒëºÍËµÃ÷)

\begin{verbatim}
Xconfig: /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/Xconfig
         --------------------------
            XÅäÖÃÎÄ¼þËùÔÚÂ·¾¶

(**) stands for supplied, (--) stands for probed/default values
                --------                  ---------------------
            (**)´ú±íÌá¹©Öµ                (--)´ú±í¼ì²âÖµ/È±Ê¡Öµ

(**) Mouse: type: MouseMan, device: /dev/ttyS1, baudrate: 9600
                  --------          ----------            ----
                  Êó±êÀàÐÍ        Êó±êÉè±¸ÎÄ¼þÃû      Óë´®¿ÚÍ¨Ñ¶ËÙÂÊ

Warning: The directory "/usr/andrew/X11fonts" does not exist.
         Entry deleted from font path.
(**) FontPath set to "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/"
                      --------------------------------------------------
                                     ×ÖÌåÂ·¾¶

(--) S3: card type: 386/486 localbus
                    ----------------
                     ÏÔÊ¾¿¨×ÜÏßÀàÐÍ

(--) S3: chipset:   924
                    ---
    Ð¾Æ¬¼¯ --- ÕâÊÇÈ·ÇÐµÄÐ¾Æ¬ÐÍºÅ;Ò»ÖÖ86C911Ö®Ç°µÄÐÍºÅ

(--) S3: chipset driver: s3_generic
                         ----------
                       Ð¾Æ¬¼¯Çý¶¯³ÌÐò

(--) S3: videoram:  1024k
                    -----
         ÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÉÏÖ¡»º³åÄÚ´æ(Ë×³ÆÏÔ´æ)µÄ´óÐ¡

(**) S3: clocks:  25.00  28.00  40.00   3.00  50.00  77.00  36.00  45.00
(**) S3: clocks:   0.00   0.00  79.00  31.00  94.00  65.00  75.00  71.00
                  ------------------------------------------------------
                              ÒÔMHz¼ÆËãµÄ¿ÉÓÃµÄÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊ

(--) S3: Maximum allowed dot-clock: 110MHz
                                    ------
                                     Æµ¿í

(**) S3: Mode "1024x768": mode clock =  79.000, clock used =  79.000
                                        ------                ------
                                            1024x768ÏÂÄ£Ê½Ê±ÖÓ

(--) S3: Virtual resolution set to 1024x768
                                   --------
                                ÐéÄâÆÁÄ»·Ö±æÂÊ

(--) S3: Using a banksize of 64k, line width of 1024
(--) S3: Pixmap cache:
(--) S3: Using 2 128-pixel 4 64-pixel and 8 32-pixel slots
(--) S3: Using 8 pages of 768x255 for font caching
\end{verbatim}


Èç¹ûÄãÊ¹ÓÃSGCS»òX/Inside X:

\begin{verbatim}
WGA: 86C911 (mem: 1024k clocks: 25 28 40 3 50 77 36 45 0 0 79 31 94 65 75 71)
---  ------       -----         --------------------------------------------
 |     |            |                 ÒÔMHz¼ÆËãµÄ¿ÉÓÃÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊ
 |     |            +--ÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÉÏÖ¡»º³åÄÚ´æµÄ´óÐ¡
 |     +--Ð¾Æ¬ÐÍºÅ
 +--X·þÎñÆ÷ÀàÐÍ
\end{verbatim}


×¢Òâ:(Èç¹û¿ÉÄÜµÄ»°)ÔÚ»úÆ÷Ð¶ÏÂ¸ººÉáá²Å½øÐÐ¼ì²â.ÒòÎªXÊÇÒ»¸öÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÐò,ËüµÄÊ±ÐòÑ­»·»áÓë´ÅÅÌ»î¶¯³åÍ»,Ôì³ÉÉÏÊöµÄÊýÖµ²»×¼È·.¼ì²â¼¸´Î¹Û²ìÊýÖµÊÇ·ñÎÈ¶¨;Èç¹û²»ÎÈ¶¨,¹Ø±ÕÒ»Ð©½ø³ÌÖ±µ½ÊýÖµÎÈ¶¨.Êó±êÊØ»¤½ø³Ì,Èç¹ûÓÐµÄ»°,ÌØ±ð¿ÉÄÜÈÃÄãÊ§°Ü(Êó±êÊØ»¤½ø³Ì¶ÔLinuxÓÃ»§¶øÑÔÊÇgpm,¶ÔSVr4ÓÃ»§¶øÑÔÊÇmousemgr).

ÎªÁË±ÜÃâÊ±ÖÓ¼ì²âµÄ²»×¼È·ÐÔ,ÄãÓ¦¸ÃÐ´ÏÂÊ±ÐòÖµ²¢°ÑËüÃÇ×÷ÎªÊ±ÖÓÊôÐÔÖµ·Åµ½ÄãµÄXconfigÖÐ --- ÕâÑùÒÖÖÆÁËÊ±ÐòÑ­»·²¢¸øÓèXÒ»·Ý¿ÉÒÔ³¢ÊÔµÄÊ±ÖÓÖµµÄ×¼È·Çåµ¥.Ê¹ÓÃÉÏÃæÀý×ÓµÄÊý¾Ý:

\begin{verbatim}
wga
        Clocks  25 28 40 3 50 77 36 45 0 0 79 31 94 65 75 71
\end{verbatim}


ÔÚ¸ººÉ¸ß¶È±ä»¯µÄÏµÍ³ÉÏ,ÕâÒ²Ðí¿ÉÒÔ°ïÄã±ÜÃâÉñÃØµÄXÆô¶¯Ê§°Ü.ÓÐ¿ÉÄÜXÆô¶¯Ê±,ÒòÏµÍ³µÄ¸ººÉ¶ø»ñµÃ´íÎóµÄÊ±ÐòÖµ,ì¶ÊÇ²»ÄÜÔÚÆäÅäÖÃÊý¾Ý¿âÖÐÕÒµ½Ò»ÏîÆ¥ÅäµÄµãÊ±ÖÓ --- »òÕÒµ½´íÎóµÄÒ»Ïî!




\subsection{ÕâÐ©»ù±¾µÄÍ³¼ÆÊý¾Ý¿ØÖÆÊ²÷á}



ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÍ¬²½ÆµÂÊ·¶Î§,ÓëÏÔÊ¾¿¨µÄµãÊ±ÖÓÒ»Æð,¾ö¶¨ÁË¿ÉÓÃµÄ¼«ÏÞ·Ö±æÂÊ.µ«ÓÉÇý¶¯³ÌÐò¾ö¶¨¶ÔÓ²¼þµÄÇ±Á¦ÀûÓÃµ½Ê²÷á³Ì¶È.Ò»Ì×³öÖÚµÄÓ²¼þ×éºÏÈ´Ã»ÓÐÍ¬ÑùÄÜÁîÈËÂúÒâµÄÉè±¸Çý¶¯³ÌÐòÊÇ¶Ô½ðÇ®µÄÒ»ÖÖÀË·Ñ.ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ,ÓÐÒ»¸öÍòÄÜµÄÇý¶¯³ÌÐòµ«Ó²¼þÄÜÁ¦Ïà¶Ô½ÏÈõµÄ»°,Äã¾ÍÄÜ¾¡¿ÉÄÜµØÍÚ¾òÓ²¼þµÄÇ±Á¦.ÕâÊÇXFree86µÄÉè¼ÆÖ÷µ¼Ë¼Ïë.

ÄãÓ¦¸Ã°ÑÄãÓÃµÄµãÊ±ÖÓÓëÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÆµ¿íÏàÆ¥Åä.È»¶ø,ÕâÊÇÓÐºÜ´óµ¯ÐÔµÄ --- Ò»Ð©ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÄÜ³¬³öÆµ¿í±ê³ÆÖµ30\%ÔËÐÐ.ÕâÀïµÄ·çÏÕÔÚì¶³¬³öÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ¶î¶¨³¡Æµ;ÎÒÃÇ»áÔÚÏÂÃæÏêÏ¸ÌÖÂÛËüÃÇ.

ÁË½âÆµ¿íÊ¹ÄãÄÜÔÚ¸÷ÖÖ¿ÉÄÜµÄÅäÖÃÖÐ×÷³ö¸üÃ÷ÖÇµÄÑ¡Ôñ.Ëü»áÓ°ÏìÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÍ¼ÏóÖÊÁ¿(ÓÈÆäÊÇÎ¢Ð¡Ï¸½ÚµÄÇåÎú¶È).




\section{¶Ô»ù±¾¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñµÄ½âÊÍ\label{specs}}



ÕâÒ»ÕÂ½âÊÍÉÏÊö¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñµÄº¬Òå,ºÍÆäËüÒ»Ð©ÄãÐèÒªÁË½âµÄ¶«Î÷.Ê×ÏÈÊÇ¶¨Òå.½ÓÖøÔÚÀ¨»¡ÖÐµÄÊÇÎÒÃÇ×÷¼ÆËãÊ±Ö¸´úËüµÄ±äÁ¿Ãû.

\begin{description}
\item[ÐÐÆµ(HSF)] \mbox{}

Ã¿ÃëË®Æ½É¨Ãè´ÎÊý(¼ûÉÏÊö).



\item[³¡Æµ(VSF)] \mbox{}

Ã¿Ãë´¹Ö±É¨Ãè´ÎÊý(¼ûÉÏÊö).ÖØÒªÐÔÔÚì¶ÊÇË¢ÐÂÂÊµÄÉÏÏÞ.



\item[µãÊ±ÖÓ(DCF)] \mbox{}

¸üÕýÊ½µÄ±íÊö,'Çý¶¯Ê±ÖÓÆµÂÊ';ÏÔÊ¾¿¨µÄ¾§Õñ»òÑ¹¿ØÕñ¡õÆ÷µÄÆµÂÊ --- Ã¿ÃëËüÄÜ·¢³öµÄ×î´óµãÊý.



\item[Æµ¿í(VB)] \mbox{}

ÄãÄÜÀ¡Èëµ½ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÊÓÆµÊäÈëÇÒÏÔÊ¾ÄÚÈÝÈÔ¿É±æ±ðÊ±µÄ×î¸ßÆµÂÊ.Èç¹ûÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾¿¨²úÉú½»ÌæÁÁÃðµÄÍ¼°¸,ËüµÄ×îµÍÆµÂÊÊÇµãÊ±ÖÓ(DCF)µÄÒ»°ë,ËùÒÔÀíÂÛÉÏÆµ¿í´Ó DCF/2 ¿ªÊ¼²ÅÓÐÒâÒå.È»¶ø,ÎªÁËÔÚÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Í¼ÏóÖÐÎ¢Ð¡Ï¸½ÚÓÐ¿ÉÒÔ½ÓÊÜµÄÇåÎúµÄÏÔÊ¾,Äã²»ÄÜÈÃËüµÍì¶×î¸ßµãÊ±ÖÓÌ«¶à,¸ßì¶¾Í¸üºÃ.



\item[Ö¡³¤(HFL,VFL)] \mbox{}

Ë®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)ÊÇÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µç×ÓÇ¹É¨Ãè{\itshape °üÀ¨²»¿É¼ûµÄ×óÓÒ±ß½çÔÚÄÚ\/}µÄË®Æ½Ò»ÐÐµÄµãÊý.´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤(VFL)ÊÇ°üÀ¨²»¿É¼ûµÄÉÏÏÂ±ß½çÔÚÄÚµÄ{\itshape Õû¸ö\/}Í¼ÏóµÄÉ¨ÃèÐÐÊý.



\item[ÆÁÄ»Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ(RR)] \mbox{}

Ã¿ÃëÄãµÄÆÁÄ»ÖØ»­µÄ´ÎÊý(ÕâÒ²½Ð"Ö¡ÂÊ").ÆµÂÊÔ½¸ßÔ½ºÃ,ÒòÎª¿ÉÒÔ¼õÉÙÉÁË¸.60Hz¾Í¿ÉÒÔÁË,VESA±ê×¼µÄ72Hz¾Í¸üºÃ.

ÕâÑùËã³öËüµÄÖµ
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        RR = DCF / (HFL * VFL)
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


×¢Òâ·ÖÄ¸ÖÐµÄ³Ë»ýÓëÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ¿ÉÊÓ·Ö±æÂÊ{\itshape ²»\/}Ò»Ñù,Ò»°ãÉÔÎ¢´óµã.ÎÒÃÇ½«ÔÚÏÂÃæ½²µ½Ï¸½Ú.

Í¨³£¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½Ö¸³öµÄÆµÂÊ(Ïó87Hz¸ôÐÐ)Êµ¼ÊÉÏÊÇ°ëÖ¡ÂÊ:¶ÔµäÐÍµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Õû¸öÆÁÄ»¿´ÉÏÈ¥´ó¸ÅÓÐÄÇÑùµÄÉÁË¸ÆµÂÊ,µ«Ã¿Ò»µ¥ÐÐÖ»ÓÐÒ»°ëµÄ´ÎÊýË¢ÐÂ¹ý.

ÎªÁË¼ÆËãµÄ·½±ãÎÒÃÇ°Ñ¸ôÐÐÉ¨ÃèÒÔÆäÈ«Ö¡ÂÊ(Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ)¼ÆËã,Ò²¾ÍÊÇ43.5Hz.¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½µÄÍ¼ÏóÖÊÁ¿ÒªºÃì¶ÏàÍ¬È«Ö¡ÂÊµÄÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½,µ«Ã÷ÏÔ²îì¶È«Ö¡ÂÊµÈì¶Æä°ëÖ¡ÂÊµÄÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½.

\end{description}





\subsection{¹Øì¶Æµ¿í}



ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÖÆÔìÉÌÏ²»¶ÒÔ¸ßÆµ¿í×÷Ðû´«ÒòÎªÆµ¿íÏÞÖÆÁËÆÁÄ»µÄÁÁ¶ÈºÍÉ«²Ê±ä»¯µÄÈñ¶È.¸ßÆµ¿íÒâÎ¶Öø¿ÉÒÔ¿´µ½¸üÐ¡µÄÏ¸½Ú.

ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÓÃµç×ÓÐÅºÅÔÚÄãÑÛÇ°³ÊÏÖ³öÍ¼Ïó.ÕâÐ©ÐÅºÅÒ»µ©ÓÉÊý×ÖÐÎÊ½×ª±äÎªÄ£ÄâÐÎÊ½,×ÜÊÇÒÔ²¨ÐÎÐÎÊ½ÊäÈëÏÔÊ¾Æ÷.ËüÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ¿´×÷ÓÉºÜ¶à¼òµ¥²¨ÐÎ×éºÏ¶ø³É,Ã¿Ò»¸ö¼òµ¥²¨ÐÎ¶¼ÓÐÒ»¸ö¹Ì¶¨ÆµÂÊ,ºÜ¶àÊÇÔÚMHz·¶Î§,ÀýÈç,20MHz,40MHz,»òÉõÖÁ70MHz.ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÆµ¿íÊµ¼ÊÉÏÊÇÖ¸ËüÄÜ²»Ê§ÕæµØÏÔÊ¾µÄÆµÂÊ×î¸ßµÄÄ£ÄâÐÅºÅ.

¶ÔÎÒÃÇÀ´Ëµ,\idx{Æµ¿í}Ö÷Òª×÷ÎªÒ»¸öÄÜÊ¹ÓÃµÄ×î¸ßµãÊ±ÖÓµÄ½üËÆ½ØÖ¹µã.




\subsection{Í¬²½ÆµÂÊºÍË¢ÐÂÂÊ:}



ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏµÄÃ¿Ò»Ë®Æ½É¨ÃèÐÐÖ»ÊÇÉ¨ÃèÒ»Ö¡³¤¶ÈµÄ¿ÉÊÓ²¿·Ö.ÔÚÈÎºÎÊ±¿ÌÆÁÄ»ÉÏÊµ¼ÊÖ»ÓÐÒ»¸öµãÔÚÁÁ,µ«ÔÚ×ã¹»¿ìµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊÏÂÄãÑÛ¾¦µÄÓ°ÏñÓà»ÔÊ¹ÄãÄÜ"¿´"µ½Õû¸öÍ¼Ïó.

ÏÂÃæÊÇÒ»Ð©°ïÖúÀí½âµÄÊ¾ÒâÍ¼:

\begin{verbatim}
     _______________________
    |                       |     ÐÐÆµÊÇÏÔÊ¾
    |->->->->->->->->->->-> |     Æ÷µç×ÓÊøÃ¿
    |                      )|     ÃëÄÜÃè»æ¸Ã
    |<-----<-----<-----<--- |     Í¼°¸µÄ´ÎÊý
    |                       |
    |                       |
    |                       |
    |                       |
    |_______________________|
     _______________________
    |        ^              |     ³¡ÆµÊÇÏÔÊ¾
    |       ^ |             |     Æ÷µç×ÓÊøÃ¿
    |       | v             |     ÃëÄÜÃè»æ¸Ã
    |       ^ |             |     Í¼°¸µÄ´ÎÊý
    |       | |             |
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    |       ^ |             |
    |_______|_v_____________|
\end{verbatim}


¼Ç×¡Êµ¼ÊµÄ¹âÕ¤É¨ÃèÊÇ¿¿µÃºÜ½ôµÄZ×ÖÐÎÍ¼°¸;»»ÑÔÖ®,µç×ÓÊø´Ó×óµ½ÓÒÍ¬Ê±´ÓÉÏµ½ÏÂÒÆ¶¯.

ÏÖÔÚÄã¿ÉÒÔÖªµÀµãÊ±ÖÓºÍÖ¡´óÐ¡ÓëË¢ÐÂÂÊµÄ¹ØÏµÁË.¸ù¾Ý¶¨Òå,Ò»ºÕ×È(Hz)Ö¸Ã¿ÃëÒ»¸öÖÜÆÚ.Òò´Ë,Èç¹ûË®Æ½Ö¡³¤ÊÇHFL¶ø´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤ÊÇVFL,ÄÇ÷á¸²¸ÇÕû¸öÆÁÄ»ÒªÓÐ (HFL * VFL) ¸öµã.ÒòÎª¸ù¾Ý¶¨ÒåÏÔÊ¾¿¨Ã¿Ãë·¢³öDCF¸öµã,ËùÒÔºÜÏÔÈ»ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄµç×ÓÇ¹´Ó×óµ½ÓÒ²¢´ÓÉÏµ½ÏÂÍù¸´É¨¹ýÆÁÄ»Ã¿Ãë DCF /(HFL * VFL) ´Î.Õâ¾ÍÊÇÄãµÄÆÁÄ»Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ,ÒòÎªËü¾ÍÊÇÖ¸ÄãµÄÆÁÄ»Ã¿Ãë±»¸üÐÂ(´Ó¶ø{\itshape ±»Ë¢ÐÂ\/})µÄ´ÎÊý!

Äã±ØÐëÀí½âÕâ¸ö¸ÅÄî,²ÅÄÜ°´ÊÊºÏÄãÐèÒªµÄÄ³ÖÖ·½Ê½¸ü¸Ä·Ö±æÂÊÉèÖÃ·ÀÖ¹ÉÁË¸.

¶ÔÄÇÐ©Àí½âÍ¼ÏóÓÅì¶Àí½âÎÄ×ÖµÄÈË,ÕâÀïÓÐÒ»·ùÍ¼:

\begin{verbatim}
        RR                                      VB
         |   min HSF                     max HSF |
         |    |             R1        R2  |      |
max VSF -+----|------------/----------/---|------+----- max VSF
         |    |:::::::::::/::::::::::/:::::\     |
         |    \::::::::::/::::::::::/:::::::\    |
         |     |::::::::/::::::::::/:::::::::|   |
         |     |:::::::/::::::::::/::::::::::\   |
         |     \::::::/::::::::::/::::::::::::\  |
         |      \::::/::::::::::/::::::::::::::| |
         |       |::/::::::::::/:::::::::::::::| |
         |        \/::::::::::/:::::::::::::::::\|
         |        /\:::::::::/:::::::::::::::::::|
         |       /  \:::::::/::::::::::::::::::::|\
         |      /    |:::::/:::::::::::::::::::::| |
         |     /     \::::/::::::::::::::::::::::| \
min VSF -+----/-------\--/-----------------------|--\--- min VSF
         |   /         \/                        |   \
         +--/----------/\------------------------+----\- DCF
           R1        R2  \                       |     \
                          min HSF                |    max HSF
                                                 VB
\end{verbatim}


ÕâÊÇÒ»·ùÆÕÍ¨µÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Ä£Ê½Í¼.Í¼ÉÏxÖáÏÔÊ¾µãÊ±ÖÓ(DCF),yÖá´ú±íË¢ÐÂÂÊ(RR).Í¼ÉÏµÄÌî³äÇøÓòÃè»æ³öÁËÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÌØÐÔ:ÇøÓòÄÚµÄÃ¿Ò»µã¶¼ÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¿ÉÄÜµÄÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½.

±ê¼ÇÎª'R1'ºÍ'R2'µÄÖ±Ïß´ú±íÒ»¸ö¹Ì¶¨µÄ·Ö±æÂÊ(ÀýÈç640x480);ËüÃÇ»­³öÁËÔõÑùÍ¨¹ýµãÊ±ÖÓºÍË¢ÐÂÂÊµÄºÜ¶à²»Í¬×éºÏÀ´ÊµÏÖÒ»¸ö·Ö±æÂÊ.R2Ïß´ú±íÁË±ÈR1¸ü¸ßµÄ·Ö±æÂÊ.

ÔÊÐíÇøÓòµÄÉÏÏÂ±ß½çÊÇ´ú±í³¡ÆµÏÞÖµµÄË®Æ½Ïß.Æµ¿íÊÇµãÊ±ÖÓµÄÉÏÏÞ,Òò´ËÓÉÒ»ÌõÔÚÓÒ±ßÏÞÖÆÁËÌØÐÔÇøÓòµÄ´¹Ö±Ïß´ú±í.

ÔÚ\ref{cplot} {(»æÖÆÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÌØÐÔ)}ÄãÄÜÕÒµ½Ò»¸ö³ÌÐò°ïÄãÎª×Ô¼ºµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Ãè»æÓë´ËÀàËÆµÄÍ¼(µ«ÓÐXÍ¼ÐÎ½çÃæ,¸üºÃ¿´).ÄÇÒ»ÕÂ»¹ÌÖÂÛÁËÓÐÈ¤µÄ²¿·Ö;ÓÉÐÐÆµµÄÏÞÖÆ¶øÔì³ÉµÄ±ß½çµÄÒý³ö.




\section{ÅäÖÃÏµÍ³Ê±µÄÈ¨ºâ\label{trade}}



ÓÃÁíÍâµÄ·½Ê½¿´¿´ÎÒÃÇÔÚÉÏÎÄµÃ³öµÄ¹«Ê½

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        DCF = RR * HFL * VFL
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

»»ÑÔÖ®,ÄãµÄµãÊ±ÖÓÊÇ¹Ì¶¨µÄ.ÄãÄÜ¸ù¾ÝÕâ¸öµãÊ±ÖÓ¸ü¸ÄË¢ÐÂÂÊ,Ë®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊ»ò´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊ.Èç¹ûÈýÏîÖÐµÄÒ»ÏîÔö´óÁË,ÆäËüµÄÒ»Ïî»òÁ½Ïî±ØÐë¼õÉÙ.

×¢Òâ,Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ²»ÄÜ´óì¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ×î´ó³¡Æµ.Òò¶ø,¶Ôì¶ÈÎºÎÔÚÒ»¸öÌØ¶¨µãÊ±ÖÓµÄÌØ¶¨ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷,ÓÐÒ»¸ö²»ÄÜÇ¿ÖÆµÍì¶µÄ×îÐ¡µÄÖ¡³¤³Ë»ý.

ÔÚÑ¡ÔñÄãµÄÉèÖÃÊ±,¼Ç×¡:Èç¹ûÄã°ÑË¢ÐÂÂÊ(RR)ÉèÖÃµÃÌ«µÍ,ÄãµÄÆÁÄ»¾Í»áÉÁË¸.ÈÃËü±£³ÖÔÚ60HzÒÔÉÏ.72HzÊÇVESAÈË»ú¹¤³ÌÑ§±ê×¼.120HzÊÇÓ«¹âµÄÉÁË¸ÆµÂÊ;Èç¹ûÄã¶Ô´Ë±È½ÏÃô¸Ð,¾ÍÒª±£³ÖÆä¸ßì¶´ËÖµ.

ÉÁË¸»áÊ¹ÑÛ¾¦ºÜÆ£ÀÍ,¼´Ê¹ÈËÀàÑÛ¾¦ÓÐÊÊÓ¦ÐÔ¶øÇÒ¸÷ÈË¶ÔËüµÄÈÌÄÍÁ¦ÓÐºÜ´óµÄ²îÒì.Èç¹ûÒÔ90¶ÈÊÓ½ÇÃæ¶ÔÖøÏÔÊ¾Æ÷,Ê¹ÓÃºÚÉ«µÄ±³¾°ºÍÑÕÉ«¶Ô±ÈÏÊÃ÷µÄÇ°¾°,µÍµ½ÖÐµÈÁÁ¶È,ÖÁÉÙ45HzÄã*²Å*»á¾õµÃÊæÊÊ.

½øÐÐÏÂÃæµÄÑÏ¸ñ²âÊÔ:ÓÃ{\ttfamily xterm -bg white -fg black}´ò¿ªÒ»¸ö´¿°×±³¾°ºÍºÚÉ«Ç°¾°µÄxterm,Ê¹ËüÀ©´óµ½¸²¸ÇÕû¸ö¿ÉÊÓÇøÓò.ÏÖÔÚ°ÑÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÁÁ¶Èµ÷µ½×î´óÖµµÄ3/4,Á³´ÓÏÔÊ¾Æ÷×ª¿ª.ÊÔÖø´ÓÅÔ¿úÊÓÏÔÊ¾Æ÷(·¢»ÓÃô¸Ð¶È¸ü¸ßµÄÍâÎ§ÊÓÍøÄ¤Ï¸°û×÷ÓÃ).Èç¹ûÄãÃ»ÓÐ¸Ðµ½ÈÎºÎÉÁË¸»òÉÁË¸³Ì¶ÈÊÇ¿ÉÈÝÈÌµÄ,ÄÇ÷áÕâ¸öË¢ÐÂÂÊ¶ÔÄãÊÇÊÊÒËµÄ.·ñÔòÄã×îºÃÉèÖÃÒ»¸ö¸ü¸ßµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊ,ÒòÎªÕâÖÖ°ë¿ÉÊÓµÄÉÁË¸»áÑ¸ËÙÊ¹ÄãÑÛ¾¦Æ£ÀÍ²¢ÈÃÄã¾õµÃÍ·ÌÛ,¼´Ê¹ÆÁÄ»ÔÚ³£¹æÊÓ½Ç¿´ÉÏÈ¥ÊÇÕý³£µÄ.

¶Ô¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½¶øÑÔ,ÉÁË¸µÄÇé¿öÒÀÀµì¶¸ü¶àµÄÒòËØ,ÀýÈçµ±Ç°µÄ´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊºÍÊµ¼ÊÆÁÄ»ÄÚÈÝ.ËùÒÔÖ±½ÓÊÔÑéÒ»ÏÂ°É.¿ÉÊÇÄã²»»áÏ£ÍûµÍì¶Ô¼85Hz°ëÖ¡ÂÊµÄ.

ËùÒÔÈÃÎÒÃÇÈÏÎªÄãÒÑ¾­Ñ¡ÁËÒ»¸ö¿É½ÓÊÜµÄ×îµÍË¢ÐÂÂÊ.ÔÚÑ¡ÔñË®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)ºÍ´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤(VFL)Ê±,Äã½«ÓÐÒ»Ð©»ú¶¯µÄ¿Õ¼ä.




\section{´æ´¢Æ÷ÐèÇó\label{sizes}}



¿ÉÓÃµÄÖ¡»º³åÄÚ´æ»áÏÞÖÆÔÚ²ÊÉ«»ò»Ò¶È¼¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏÄÜ´ïµ½µÄ·Ö±æÂÊ.ÔÚÖ»ÓÐºÚ°×Á½É«¶øÆä¼äÃ»ÓÐ»Ò¶ÈÉîÇ³±ä»¯µÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏËü´ó¸ÅÃ»ÓÐÊ²÷áÓ°Ïì.

¶Ô256É«ÏÔÊ¾¶øÑÔ,Ã¿¸ö¿ÉÊÓµãÐèÒª1×Ö½ÚÏÔÊ¾ÄÚ´æ.Õâ¸ö×Ö½Ú°üº¬ÁË¾ö¶¨¸ÃµãÔõÑùÓÉºìÂÌÀ¶×éºÏÉú³ÉµÄÐÅÏ¢.ÒªÖªµÀÐèÒªµÄÏÔ´æÊýÁ¿,ÓÃÃ¿ÐÐ¿ÉÊÓµãÊý³ËÒÔ¿ÉÊÓÐÐÊý.¶ÔÏÔÊ¾·Ö±æÂÊ1024x768¶øÑÔ, 1024 * 768 = 786432,¾ÍÊÇÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ¿ÉÊÓµãÊý.ÔÚÃ¿µã1×Ö½ÚµÄÇé¿öÏÂ,ÕâÒ²ÊÇÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÐèÒªµÄÏÔÊ¾ÄÚ´æ×Ö½ÚÊý.

Òò´Ë,ÏÔÊ¾ÄÚ´æÐèÇóÒ»°ã¾ÍÊÇ (HR * VR) / 1024 K×Ö½Ú²¢ÏòÉÏÉáÈë(´ËÀýÖÐ¾«È·ÖµÊÇ768K).Èç¹ûÄãµÄÏÔ´æ¶àì¶Êµ¼ÊÐèÇó,¾ÍÓÐ¶îÍâµÄÏÔ´æÓÃì¶ÐéÄâÆÁÄ»¹ö¶¯.

È»¶ø,Èç¹ûÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÉÏÖ»ÓÐ512KÏÔ´æ,ÄÇ÷á¾Í²»ÄÜÊ¹ÓÃ¸Ã·Ö±æÂÊ.¼´Ê¹ÄãÓÐºÃµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷,Ã»ÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÏÔÊ¾ÄÚ´æ,»¹ÊÇ²»ÄÜ·¢»ÓÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÇ±Á¦.ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ,Èç¹ûÄãµÄSVGAÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÓÐ1Õ×ÏÔ´æ,µ«ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÖÁ¶àÄÜÏÔÊ¾800x600,ÄÇ÷áÎÞÂÛÈçºÎÄãÒ²´ï²»µ½¸ß·Ö±æÂÊ(²éÔÄ\ref{inter} {(Ê¹ÓÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½)}ÕÒÒ»¸ö¿ÉÄÜµÄ²¹¾È·½·¨).

Èç¹ûÄãµÄÏÔ´æ¶àì¶ÐèÇóÇë²»Òªµ£ÐÄ;XFree86»áÍ¨¹ýÔÊÐíÄã¹ö¶¯ÆÁÄ»¿ÉÊÓÇøÀ´ÀûÓÃÕâÐ©ÏÔ´æ(²éÔÄXconfigÎÄµµ¹Øì¶ÐéÄâÆÁÄ»´óÐ¡µÄ²ÎÊý²¿·Ö).Ò²Çë¼Ç×¡Ò»¿é512KÏÔ´æµÄÏÔÊ¾¿¨Êµ¼Ê°²×°µÄÏÔ´æ²»ÊÇ512,000×Ö½Ú,¶øÊÇ 512 * 1024 = 524,288 ×Ö½Ú.

Èç¹ûÄãÕýÔÚÓÃÒ»¿éS3ÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÔËÐÐX/Inside,²¢ÇÒÀÖÒâÈÌÊÜ16É«(Ã¿ÏóËØ4Î»),¿ÉÒÔÔÚXconfigÖÐÉèÖÃÉ«²ÊÉî¶ÈÎª4,ÓÐÐ§µØ°ÑÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÄÜ´¦ÀíµÄ·Ö±æÂÊ¼Ó±¶.ÀýÈç,Õý³£ÄÜÔËÐÐ1024x768x256µÄS3ÏÔÊ¾¿¨,ÄãÄÜÊ¹ÆäÔËÐÐÔÚ4Î»ÑÕÉ«Éî¶ÈµÄ1280x1024x16ÏÂ.




\section{¼ÆËãÖ¡µÄ´óÐ¡\label{frame}}



¾¯¸æ:ÕâÖÖ·½·¨ÊÇÎª¶àÆµÍ¬²½ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÑÐ¾¿³öÀ´µÄ.Ëü»òÐíÒ²ÄÜÓÃì¶¹Ì¶¨ÆµÂÊÏÔÊ¾Æ÷,µ«²»±£Ö¤Ò»¶¨¿ÉÒÔ!

¿ªÊ¼Ê±Í¨¹ýµãÊ±ÖÓ(DCF)³ýÒÔÄã¿ÉÓÃµÄ×î¸ßÐÐÆµ(HSF)À´µÃµ½Ò»¸öË®Æ½Ö¡³¤.

ÀýÈç;¼ÙÉèÄãÓÐÒ»¿éSigma Legend SVGA¿¨,µãÊ±ÖÓÊÇ65MHz,ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÐÐÆµÊÇ55KHz.ÄÇ÷á(DCF / HSF)µÃµ½µÄÊý×ÖÊÇ1181(65MHz = 65000KHz ; 65000 / 55 = 1181).

ÏÖÔÚÊÇÎÒÃÇÎ×ÊõµÄµÚÒ»²½.ÄãÒª°ÑÕâ¸öÊý×ÖÉáÈëÎª×î½Ó½üµÄ8µÄ±¶Êý.¶Ôì¶SVGAºÍS3ÏÔÊ¾¿¨Ê¹ÓÃµÄVGAÓ²¼þ¿ØÖÆÆ÷Õâ²½±ØÐë½øÐÐ;ËüÊ¹ÓÃÒ»¸ö8Î»¼Ä´æÆ÷,ÔÙ×óÒÆ3Î»,Òò´ËÊµ¼ÊÊÇÒ»¸ö11Î»Êý×Ö.ÆäËüÀàÐÍµÄÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÈçATI 8514/AÒ²ÐíÃ»ÓÐÕâ¸öÒªÇó,µ«ÎÒÃÇ²»ÖªµÀ,¶øÇÒÕâ¸öÐÞÕý²»»áÓÐÎ£º¦.ËùÒÔ°ÑºÏÓÃµÄË®Æ½Ö¡³¤ÖµÏòÏÂÉáÈëÎª1176.

Õâ¸öÊý×Ö(DCF / HSF ÉáÈëÎª8µÄ±¶Êý)ÊÇÄã¿ÉÓÃµÄ×îÐ¡Ë®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL).Í¨¹ýÉèÖÃÍ¬²½Âö³å²úÉú¸üµÍµÄÐÐÆµ(HSF)ÄãÄÜ»ñµÃ¸ü³¤µÄË®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)(´Ó¶ø,ÆÁÄ»ÉÏ¿ÉÓÐ¸ü¶àµÄË®Æ½µã).µ«´ú¼ÛÊÇ¸üµÍµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊºÍ¸üÒ×¾õ²ìµÄÉÁË¸.

×÷ÎªÒ»¸ö¾­Ñé·¨Ôò,Ë®Æ½Ö¡×Ü³¤µÄ80\%¿ÉÓÃì¶Ë®Æ½É¨ÃèÏßµÄ¿ÉÊÓ²¿·Ö --- Ë®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊ(¸ÅÂÔ¶øÑÔÕâÔÊÐíÁË±ßÔµºÍááÂÓÊ±¼ä --- ÕâÊÇµç×ÓÊø´ÓÆÁÄ»µÄÓÒ±ßÔµÒÆµ½ÏÂÌõ¹âÕ¤ÏßµÄ×ó±ßÔµÐèÒªµÄÊ±¼ä).ÔÚÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÀïË®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊÊÇ944.

ÏÖÔÚ,Òª»ñµÃ4:3µÄÕý³£ÆÁÄ»¸ß¿í±È,°ÑÄãµÄ´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊÉèÎªÄã¸Õ²ÅËã³öµÄË®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊµÄ3/4.¶ÔÕâ¸öÀý×Ó¶øÑÔÊÇ708.ÒªËã³öÄãÊµ¼ÊµÄ´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤(VFL),°ÑËü³ËÒÔ1.05µÃµ½743.

4:3²»ÊÇ¼¼ÊõÉÏµÄ¹æ¶¨;Èç¹ûÒ»¸ö²»Í¬µÄ±ÈÂÊÄÜ×îºÃµØÀûÓÃÄãµÄÆÁÄ»Êµ¼Ê³ß´çµÄ»°,ÄãÍêÈ«¿ÉÒÔÊ¹ÓÃ.µ«4:3Ê¹´Ó¶Ô½ÇÏß³¤¶ÈËã³öÖ¡¸ßºÍÖ¡¿í±äµÃºÜ·½±ã,ÄãÖ»ÒªÓÃ¶Ô½ÇÏß³ËÒÔ0.8µÃµ½¿í,³ËÒÔ0.6µÃµ½¸ß.

ËùÒÔ, HFL = 1176 ¶ø VFL = 743 .ÓÃ65MHz³ýÒÔÁ½ÕßµÄ³Ë»ýµÃµ½ÁËÒ»¸ö²»´íµÄ,½¡¿µµÄ74.4HzË¢ÐÂÂÊ.ºÃ¼«ÁË!ÓÅì¶VESA±ê×¼!Æô¶¯XÊ±ÄãµÃµ½944x708,¶àì¶Ô¤ÆÚµÄ800x600.ÍêÈ«²»Àµ!

ÄãÉõÖÁÄÜ¸ü½øÒ»²½µØ¸Ä½øË¢ÐÂÂÊ,´ïµ½½Ó½ü76Hz,ÒòÎªÏÔÊ¾Æ÷³£³£ÒÔ¸ßì¶¶î¶¨´óÔ¼2KHzµÄÆµÂÊ½øÐÐÐÐÍ¬²½¶øÇÒÉÔÎ¢½µµÍ´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤(VFL)(»»ÑÔÖ®,ÔÚÉÏÀýÖÐ´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊÐ¡ì¶944µÄ75\%).µ«ÔÚ³¢ÊÔÕâÖÖ"¹ý¶ÈÇý¶¯"µÄ»ú¶¯Ö®Ç°,Èç¹ûÄãÕæµÄÒª½øÐÐ,{\itshape È·ÈÏ\/}ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µç×ÓÇ¹³¡ÆµÄÜ´ïµ½76Hz.(ÀýÈç,Á÷ÐÐµÄNEC 4D²»ÐÐ.ËüµÄ³¡Æµ(VSF)Ö»ÄÜ´ïµ½75Hz).(²éÔÄ\ref{overd} {(¹ý¶ÈÇý¶¯ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷)}»ñµÃÕâ¸öÎÊÌâ¸üÈ«ÃæµÄÌÖÂÛ.)

Æù½ñÎªÖ¹,ÉÏÊöÄÚÈÝ´ó²¿·ÖÊÇ¼òµ¥µÄËãÊõºÍ¹Øì¶¹âÕ¤ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ»ù±¾ÊÂÊµ.¼¸ºõÍêÈ«Ã»ÓÐÈÎºÎÎ×Êõ!




\section{Î×ÊõºÍÍ¬²½Âö³å\label{magic}}



ºÃ,ÏÖÔÚÄãÒÑÎªÄãÑ¡µÄµãÊ±ÖÓËã³öÁË HFL / VFL ,ÕÒ³öÁË¿É½ÓÊÜµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊ,¼ì²éÁËÄãÓÐ×ã¹»µÄÏÔÊ¾ÄÚ´æ.ÏÖÔÚÊÇÕæÕýµÄÎ×Êõ --- ÄãÒªÖªµÀÊ²÷áÊ±ºòÔÚÄÄÀï·ÅÖÃÍ¬²½Âö³å.

Í¬²½Âö³åÊµ¼ÊÉÏ¿ØÖÆÁËÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÐÐÆµºÍ³¡Æµ.Äã´Ó¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñ±íÀï²é³öµÄÐÐÆµ(HSF)ºÍ³¡Æµ(VSF)ÊÇÃûÒåÉÏµÄ,½üËÆµÄÍ¬²½ÆµÂÊ×î´óÖµ.À´×ÔÏÔÊ¾¿¨µÄÍ¬²½Âö³åÐÅºÅ¸æËßÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Êµ¼ÊÒÔ¶à¿ìÆµÂÊÔËÐÐ.

»ØÒäÆðÉÏÃæµÄÁ½·ùÍ¼Âð?¹âÕ¤É¨ÃèÒ»Ö¡ÐèÒªµÄÊ±¼äÖ»ÓÐ²¿·ÖÓÃì¶ÏÔÊ¾¿ÉÊÓÍ¼Ïó(¼´ÆÁÄ»·Ö±æÂÊ).




\subsection{ÐÐÍ¬²½:}

¸ù¾ÝÖ®Ç°µÄ¶¨Òå,Ë®Æ½É¨ÃèÒ»ÐÐÓÐHFL¸öµã.ÈÃÎÒÃÇ°Ñ¿ÉÊÓµãÊýÄ¿(ÆÁÄ»Ë®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊ)³ÆÎªHR.Òò´Ë¸ù¾Ý¶¨ÒåÏÔÈ» HR {$<$} HFL .¾ßÌåµØ,ÈÃÎÒÃÇ¼ÙÉèÁ½ÕßÍ¬Ê±¿ªÊ¼,ÈçÏÂËùÊ¾:

\begin{verbatim}
  |___ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
  |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _                |
  |_______________________|_______________|_____
  0                       ^               ^     µ¥Î»:µãÊý
                          |   ^       ^   |
                          HR  |       |  HFL
                          |   |<----->|   |
                          |<->|  HSP  |<->|
                          HGT1         HGT2
\end{verbatim}


ÏÖÔÚ,ÎÒÃÇÏëÒªÔÚÍ¼Ê¾³¤¶ÈÎªHSPµÄÎ»ÖÃ,Ò²¾ÍÊÇÔÚ¿ÉÊÓÇøÓòÄ©µãºÍÕû¸öÖ¡Ä©µãÖ®¼äµÄÎ»ÖÃ·ÅÖÃÒ»¸öÍ¬²½Âö³å.ÎªÊ²÷áÒªÕâÑù?ÒòÎªÈç¹ûÎÒÃÇÄÜÕâÑù·ÅÖÃµÄ»°,ÄÇ÷áÆÁÄ»Í¼Ïó¾Í²»»áÆ«ÒÆÏò×ó»òÓÒ.Ëü»áÔÚÆÁÄ»ÉÏÆÚÍûµÄÎ»ÖÃ,·½ÐÎµØ¸²¸ÇÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄ¿ÉÊÓÇøÓò.

´ËÍâ,ÔÚÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄÃ¿Ò»±ßÎÒÃÇ¶¼ÒªÔ¼30¸öµã×÷Îª"·À»¤Ê±¼ä".ÕâÓÉHGT1ºÍHGT2±íÊ¾.ÔÚÒ»¸öµäÐÍµÄÅäÖÃÖÐHGT1²»µÈì¶HGT2,µ«Èç¹ûÄãÕýÔÚ´ÓÁã½¨Á¢Ò»¸öÅäÖÃ,¾ÍÒª´ÓÁ½ÕßÏàµÈ¿ªÊ¼ÄãµÄÊÔÑé(»»ÑÔÖ®,´ÓÍ¬²½Âö³å¾ÓÖÐ¿ªÊ¼ÊÔÑé).

Í¬²½Âö³å·ÅÖÃ´íÎóµÄ¡õ×´ÊÇÍ¼ÏóÔÚÆÁÄ»ÉÏÆ«ÒÆ,Ò»Ìõ±ß¹ý·ÖµØ¿í,ÁíÒ»±ßÍ¼ÏóÔÚÆÁÄ»±ßÔµ»ØÈÆ¹ýÀ´,²úÉúÒ»Ìõ°×É«±ßÏßºÍÒ»Ìõ"µþÓ°"´ø.Ò»¸öÎ»ÖÃ²»ÊÊµ±µÄ³¡Í¬²½Âö³å»áÊ¹Í¼ÏóÏóÒ»Ì¨´íÎóµ÷ÕûÁË³¡Í¬²½¿ØÖÆµÄµçÊÓ»úÒ»Ñù¹ö¶¯(Êµ¼ÊÉÏ,ÕâÊÇÏàÍ¬µÄÏÖÏó).

ÐÒÔËµÄ»°,ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Í¬²½Âö³å¿í¶È»áÔÚ¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñÎÄµµÖÐ.Èç¹ûÃ»ÓÐ,ÕæÕýµÄÎ×Êõ¿ªÊ¼ÁË...

ÔÚÕâÒ»²¿·Ö,Äã½«²»µÃ²»·´¸´ÊÔÑé.µ«´ó¶àÊýÊ±ºò,ÎÒÃÇ¿ÉÒÔ°²È«µØ¼Ù¶¨Ò»¸öÍ¬²½Âö³å³¤¶È´óÔ¼ÊÇ3.5µ½4.0Î¢Ãë.

¾ßÌåÆð¼û,ÎÒÃÇÈÏÎªÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³å(HSP)ÊÇ3.8Î¢Ãë(Ë³±ãËµÒ»¾ä,ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö²»´íµÄÊÔÑéÆðÊ¼Öµ).

ÏÖÔÚ,ÓÃÉÏÊöµÄ65MHzÊ±ÐòÖµ,ÎÒÃÇÖªµÀÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³å(HSP)µÈì¶247¸öµã(= 65 * 10**6 * 3.8 * 10\^{}-6) {[}¼ÇµÃ M=10\^{}6, micro=10\^{}-6{]}

Ò»Ð©ÈËÏ²»¶ÒýÓÃËûÃÇµÄË®Æ½Ö¡²ÎÊý¶ø²»ÊÇµãÊý¿í¶È×÷ÎªÊ±Ðò.ÄãÒ²Ðí»á¿´¼ûÏÂÁÐÊõÓï:
\begin{description}
\item[»îÔ¾Ê±¼ä(HAT)] \mbox{}

Ïàµ±ì¶HR,µ«°´Ê±¼äµ¥Î»(Í¨³£ÓÃÎ¢Ãë)¼ÆËã. HAT * DCF = HR.



\item[ÏûÒþÊ±¼ä(HBT)] \mbox{}

Ïàµ±ì¶(HFL - HR),µ«°´Ê±¼äµ¥Î»(Í¨³£ÓÃÎ¢Ãë)¼ÆËã. HBT * DCF = (HFL - HR).



\item[ÉÏÉýÑØ(HFP)] \mbox{}

Õâ¾ÍÊÇHGT1.



\item[Í¬²½Ê±¼ä] \mbox{}

Õâ¾ÍÊÇHSP.



\item[ÏÂ½µÑØ(HBP)] \mbox{}

Õâ¾ÍÊÇHGT2.



\end{description}





\subsection{³¡Í¬²½:}

»Øµ½ÉÏÍ¼,ÎÒÃÇÔõÑùÄÜ°´Í¼Ê¾·ÅÖÃÕâ247¸öµãÄØ?

ÓÃÎÒÃÇµÄÀý×Ó,Ë®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊ(HR)ÊÇ944¶øË®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)ÊÇ1176.Á½ÕßÖ®²îÊÇ 1176 - 944 = 232 {$<$} 247 !ÏÔÈ»ÕâÀïÎÒÃÇ²»µÃ²»×öÐ©µ÷Õû.ÎÒÃÇÔõ÷á×öÄØ?

Ê×ÏÈ°Ñ1176Ìá¸ßµ½1184,°Ñ944½µµÍµ½936.ÏÖÔÚ²îÊÇ 1184 - 936 = 248 .àÅ,½Ó½üÐ©ÁË.

ÏÂÒ»²½,ÎÒÃÇ²»ÓÃ3.8¶øÓÃ3.5¼ÆËãÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³å(HSP);ÄÇ÷á,ÎÒÃÇµÃ³ö 65 * 3.5 = 227 .¿´ÆðÀ´¸üºÃÁË.µ«248²»±È227¸ß¶àÉÙ.Í¨³£ÔÚË®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊ(HR)ºÍÍ¬²½Âö³å(SP)µÄ¿ªÊ¼µãÖ®¼äÒªÓÐÔ¼30¸öµã,Í¬²½Âö³å(SP)µÄ½áÊøµãºÍË®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)Ö®¼äÒ²Ò»Ñù.¶øÇÒËüÃÇ±ØÐëÊÇ8µÄ±¶Êý!ÎÒÃÇ±»¿¨×¡ÁËÂð?

²».ÈÃÎÒÃÇÕâ÷á×ö, 936 \% 8 = 0 ,¶ø (936 + 32) \% 8 = 0 .µ« 936 + 32 = 968 , 968 + 227 = 1195 , 1195 + 32 = 1227 .àÅ..Õâ¿´ÆðÀ´»¹²»ËãÌ«»µ.µ«Ëü²»ÊÇ8µÄ±¶Êý,ËùÒÔÈÃÎÒÃÇ°ÑËüÏòÉÏÉáÈëÎª1232.

µ«ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÓÐÇ±ÔÚµÄÂé·³ÁË,Í¬²½Âö³å²»ÔÙÎ»ì¶hºÍHµÄÕýÖÐ.ÐÒ¿÷ÓÃ¼ÆËãÆ÷ÎÒÃÇ·¢ÏÖ 1232 - 32 = 1200 Ò²ÊÇ8µÄ±¶Êý,¶øÇÒ (1232 - 32) - 968 = 232 ,ÏàÓ¦ì¶Ê¹ÓÃ3.57Î¢Ãë³¤µÄÍ¬²½Âö³å,ÈÔÈ»ºÏÀí.

ÁíÍâ, 936 / 1232 ~ 0.76»ò76\%,ÈÔÈ»Àë80\%²»Ô¶,Òò´ËÓ¦¸ÃÃ»ÎÊÌâ.

´ËÍâ,Ê¹ÓÃµ±Ç°µÄË®Æ½Ö¡³¤,ÎÒÃÇÒªÇóÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Í¬²½ì¶52.7KHz(= 65MHz / 1232),ÔÚÆä³ÐÊÜ·¶Î§Ö®ÄÚ.Ã»ÎÊÌâ.

ÓÃÇ°ÃæÌá¹ýµÄ¾­Ñé·¨Ôò, 936 * 75\% = 702 ,ÕâÊÇÎÒÃÇÐÂµÄ´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊ. 702 * 1.05 = 737 ,ÎÒÃÇÐÂµÄ´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤.

ÆÁÄ»Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ= 65MHz / (737 * 1232) = 71.6Hz .ÒÀÈ»ºÜºÃ.

»­³öµÄ³¡Í¬²½Âö³å²¼¾ÖÍ¼ÊÇÀàËÆµÄ:

\begin{verbatim}
   |___ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __
   |_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _                |
   |_______________________|_______________|_____
   0                      VR              VFL     µ¥Î»:µãÊý
                           ^   ^       ^
                           |   |       |
                           |<->|<----->|
                            VGT    VSP
\end{verbatim}


ÎÒÃÇÔÚ´¹Ö±¿ÉÊÓÇø¸Õ½áÊøÊ±¿ªÊ¼Í¬²½Âö³å.VGTÊÇÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄ´¹Ö±·À»¤Ê±¼ä.´ó²¿·ÖÏÔÊ¾Æ÷VGTÎª0(Ã»ÓÐ·À»¤Ê±¼ä)Ê±¶¼Ã»ÎÊÌâ.ÎÒÃÇÔÚÕâ¸öÀý×ÓÀï¾ÍÄÇÑùÉè¶¨.ÉÙÊýÐèÒªÁ½»òÈý¸öµãµÄ·À»¤Ê±¼ä,¼ÓÉÏÕâ¸öÍ¨³£Ã»ÓÐº¦´¦.

»Øµ½±¾Àý:¸ù¾ÝÖ¡³¤µÄ¶¨Òå,Ò»¸ö´¹Ö±µãÊ±ÖÓÊÇ¸ú×ÙÍêÕûµÄÒ»¸öË®Æ½Ö¡µÄÊ±¼ä,Òò´ËÔÚÎÒÃÇµÄÀý×ÓÀï,ËüÊÇ 1232 / 65MHz = 18.95us .

¾­Ñé¸æËßÎÒÃÇÒ»¸ö³¡Í¬²½Âö³åÓ¦¸ÃÔÚ50usºÍ300us·¶Î§Ö®¼ä.ÈÃÎÒÃÇÓÃ150us×öÒ»¸öÀý×Ó,²¢»»Ëã³É8¸ö´¹Ö±µãÊ±ÖÓ(150us / 18.95us ~ 8).

Ò»Ð©ÈËÏ²»¶ÒýÓÃËûÃÇµÄ´¹Ö±Ö¡²ÎÊý¶ø²»ÊÇµãÊý¿í¶È×÷ÎªÊ±Ðò.ÄãÒ²Ðí»á¿´¼ûÏÂÁÐÊõÓï:

\begin{description}
\item[»îÔ¾Ê±¼ä(VAT)] \mbox{}

Ïàµ±ì¶VR,µ«ÒÔºÁÃëÎªµ¥Î». VAT * VSF = VR .

\item[ÏûÒþÊ±¼ä(VBT)] \mbox{}

Ïàµ±ì¶ (VFL - VR) ,µ«ÒÔºÁÃëÎªµ¥Î». VBT * VSF = (VFL - VR) .

\item[ÉÏÉýÑØ(VFP)] \mbox{}

Õâ¾ÍÊÇVGT.

\item[Í¬²½Ê±¼ä] \mbox{}

Õâ¾ÍÊÇVSP.

\item[ÏÂ½µÑØ(VBP)] \mbox{}

ÕâÊÇÔÚ³¡Í¬²½Âö³åááµÄÓÖÒ»¸ö·À»¤Ê±¼ä.ËüÍ¨³£ÊÇÁã.

\end{description}





\section{»ã×ÜÒÔÉÏÌÖÂÛ\label{synth}}



XconfigÎÄ¼þµÄÊÓÆµÄ£Ê½±í°üº¬¶àÐÐÊý×Ö,Ã¿Ò»ÐÐ¶¼ÊÇÓëX·þÎñÆ÷µÄÄ³Ò»ÖÖÄ£Ê½¶ÔÓ¦µÄÒ»·ÝÍêÕûµÄ¼¼Êõ¹æ¸ñ.¸÷¸öÓò¹éÀàÎªËÄ¶Î,Ãû³Æ¶Î,Ê±ÖÓÆµÂÊ¶Î,Ë®Æ½¶ÎºÍ´¹Ö±¶Î.

Ãû³Æ¶Î°üº¬Ò»¸öÓò,ÊÇ¸ÃÐÐÆäÓàÄÚÈÝÒªËµÃ÷µÄÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½µÄÃû³Æ.¸ÃÃû³ÆÔÚXconfigÎÄ¼þÖÐÍ¼ÐÎÇý¶¯³ÌÐòÉèÖÃ¶ÎµÄ"Modes"ÐÐÖÐ±»ÒýÓÃ.Èç¹ûÇ°ÃæÒ»ÐÐµÄÃû³ÆÓëµ±Ç°ÐÐÒ»Ñù,Ãû³ÆÓò¿ÉÒÔºöÂÔ.

µãÊ±ÖÓ¶Î½ö°üº¬ÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½ÐÐµÄµãÊ±ÖÓ(ÎÒÃÇÇ°Ãæ³Æ×÷DCF)Óò.¸ÃÓòÖÐµÄÊý×ÖÖ¸³öÓÃì¶Éú³ÉËæáá¸÷¶ÎÖÐÊý×ÖµÄµãÊ±ÖÓÖµ.

Ë®Æ½¶ÎÓÉËÄ¸öÓò×é³É,Ö¸³öÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏÃ¿Ò»Ë®Æ½ÐÐÈçºÎÉú³É.±¾¶ÎµÄµÚÒ»¸öÓò°üº¬Ã¿ÐÐ±»ÕÕÁÁÐÎ³ÉÍ¼ÏóµÄµãÊý(ÎÒÃÇÇ°Ãæ½Ð×÷HR).±¾¶ÎµÄµÚ¶þ¸öÓò(SH1)Ö¸³öÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³åÔÚÄÄ¸öµã¿ªÊ¼.µÚÈý¸öÓò(SH2)Ö¸³öÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³åÔÚÄÄ¸öµã½áÊø.µÚËÄ¸öÓòÖ¸³öË®Æ½Ö¡×Ü³¤(HFL).

´¹Ö±¶ÎÒ²°üº¬ËÄ¸öÓò.µÚÒ»¸öÓò°üº¬ÔÚÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏ¿´µ½µÄ¿ÉÊÓÐÐÊý(VR).µÚ¶þ¸öÓò(SV1)Ö¸³ö³¡Í¬²½Âö³åÔÚÄÄÐÐ¿ªÊ¼.µÚÈý¸öÓò(SV2)Ö¸³ö³¡Í¬²½Âö³åÔÚÄÄÐÐ½áÊø.µÚËÄ¸öÓò°üº¬´¹Ö±Ö¡×Ü³¤(VFL).

Àý×Ó:
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
     #Ä£Ê½Ãû³Æ    Ê±ÖÓ       Ë®Æ½Ê±Ðò           ´¹Ö±Ê±Ðò

     "752x564"     40    752 784  944 1088  564 567 569 611
                   44.5  752 792  976 1240  564 567 570 600
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

(×¢Òâ:ÒÔÇ°µÄX11R5²»Ö§³Ö´øÐ¡ÊýµÄµãÊ±ÖÓÖµ.)

¶ÔXconfig¶øÑÔ,¸Õ²ÅÌá¼°µÄËùÓÐÊý×Ö --- ÐÐÖÐ·¢ÁÁµÄµãÊý,°Ñ·¢ÁÁµãÓëÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄÆðÊ¼´¦·Ö¸ô¿ªµÄµãÊý,´ú±íÂö³å³ÖÐøÊ±¼äµÄµãÊý,ºÍÔÚÍ¬²½Âö³å½áÊø´¦Ö®ááµÄµãÊý --- ¼ÓÆðÀ´Éú³ÉÃ¿ÐÐµÄµãÊý.Ë®Æ½µãÊý±ØÐëÄÜ±»8Õû³ý.

Ë®Æ½ÖµÊ¾Àý: 800 864 1024 1088

Ê¾ÀýÐÐÖÐÊ×ÏÈÊÇ·¢ÁÁµãÊý(800),¸úÖøÊÇÍ¬²½Âö³åÆðÊ¼µãÎ»ÖÃ(864),¸úÖøÊÇÍ¬²½Âö³å½áÊøµãÎ»ÖÃ(1024),¸úÖøÊÇË®Æ½ÐÐ×îááÒ»µãµÄÎ»ÖÃ(1088).

ÔÙ´ÎÌáÐÑ×¢Òâ,ËùÓÐË®Æ½Öµ(800,864,1024,ºÍ1088)ÒªÄÜ±»8Õû³ý!´¹Ö±Öµ²»ÐèÒªÕâÑù.

ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷´ÓÉÏµ½ÏÂµÄÐÐÊý¹¹³ÉÁËÖ¡.ÐÐÊÇÒ»Ö¡µÄ»ù±¾Ê±ÐòÐÅºÅ.Ðí¶àÐÐ×é³ÉÁËÍ¼Ïó.ÔÚ·¢ÁÁµÄ×îááÒ»ÐÐÏÔÊ¾ÁËÖ®ááºÍ³¡Í¬²½Âö³å²úÉúÖ®Ç°,ÓÐÈô¸ÉÐÐµÄÑÓ³Ù.È»ááÍ¬²½Âö³å»á³ÖÐøÈô¸ÉÐÐ,×îáá±¾Ö¡µÄÄ©Î²¼¸ÐÐ½«±»Éú³É,ÒÔ×÷ÎªÂö³åÖ®áá±ØÐëµÄÑÓ³Ù.ÌØ¶¨ÏÔÊ¾Ä£Ê½ÔËÐÐÊ±ÒªÖ¸¶¨µÄÊý×ÖÖµ»áÒÔÒ»ÖÖÓëÏÂÊöÀý×ÓÀàËÆµÄ·½Ê½±»ÊäÈë.

´¹Ö±ÖµÊ¾Àý: 600 603 609 630

¸ÃÀý×ÓÖ¸³öÔÚÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏÓÐ600¿ÉÊÓÐÐ,³¡Í¬²½Âö³å¿ªÊ¼ì¶µÚ603ÐÐ,½áÊøì¶µÚ609ÐÐ,ÒÔ¼°×Ü¼ÆÓÐ630ÐÐ.

×¢Òâ´¹Ö±Êý×ÖÖµ²»ÐèÒªÄÜ±»8Õû³ý!

ÈÃÎÒÃÇ»Øµ½Ô­ÏÈÌÖÂÛµÄÀý×Ó.×ÛÉÏËùÊö,ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÒª×öµÄ¾ÍÊÇ°ÑÎÒÃÇµÄ½á¹û°´ÏÂÃæ¸ñÊ½Ð´µ½XconfigÖÐ:
\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
<Ãû³Æ>   DCF     HR  SH1 SH2   HFL   VR  SV1 SV2 VFL
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

ÆäÖÐSH1ÊÇÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄ¿ªÊ¼µã¶øSH2ÊÇ½áÊøµã;Í¬ÑùµØ,SV1ÊÇ³¡Í¬²½Âö³åµÄ¿ªÊ¼µã¶øSV2ÊÇ½áÊøµã.

ÒªÊäÈëÕâÐ©Öµ,»ØÒäÒ»ÏÂÉÏÃæ¹Øì¶Î×ÊõºÍÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄÌÖÂÛ.SH1ÊÇÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³åÉÏÉýÑØµÄ¿ªÊ¼µã;Òò´Ë, SH1 = HR + HGT1 .SH2ÊÇÏÂ½µÑØµÄ½áÊøµã;Òò´Ë, SH2 = SH1 + HSP .Í¬ÑùµØ, SV1 = VR + VGT (Ö»ÊÇVGTÍ¨³£Îª0)¶ø SV2 = SV1 + VSP .

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
# Ãû³Æ    Ê±ÖÓ        Ë®Æ½Ê±Ðò            ´¹Ö±Ê±Ðò     ±êÖ¾
 936x702  65      936 968 1200 1232   702 702 710 737
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}

²»ÐèÒªÌØÊâ±êÖ¾;ÒòÎªÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½.ÏÖÔÚÎÒÃÇÕæÕýµØ×öÍêÁË.




\section{¹ý¶ÈÇý¶¯ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷\label{overd}}



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\section{Ê¹ÓÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½\label{inter}}



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¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½µÃµ½»µÃûÉùÊÇÒòÎªÔÚÏàÍ¬³¡Æµ¼´VSF(ÔÚ¹ã¸æÖÐ¾­³£¸ø³öµÄ²ÎÊý)ÏÂÁÓì¶¶ÔÓ¦µÄÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½.µ«ÔÚÏàÍ¬ÐÐÆµÏÂ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½Ã÷ÏÔ½ÏÎªÓÅÔ½,¶øÐÐÆµÍ¨³£ÊÇÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷/ÏÔÊ¾¿¨¾ö¶¨ÐÔµÄÏÞÖÆËùÔÚ.

ÔÚ¹Ì¶¨{\itshape Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ\/}(»ò°ëÖ¡ÂÊ,»ò³¡ÆµVSF)ÏÂ,¸ôÐÐÏÔÊ¾Æ÷»á¸üÎªÉÁË¸:Ò»Ì¨90HzµÄ¸ôÐÐÏÔÊ¾Æ÷»á´Îì¶Ò»Ì¨90HzµÄÖðÐÐÏÔÊ¾Æ÷.È»¶ø,ËüÖ»ÐèÒªÒ»°ëµÄÆµ¿íºÍÒ»°ëµÄÐÐÆµ.Èç¹ûÄãÔÚÏàÍ¬µÄµãÊ±ÖÓºÍÏàÍ¬É¨ÃèÂÊÏÂºÍÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½±È½Ï,ËüÓÐÏÔÖøµÄÓÅÔ½ÐÔ:45HzµÄÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½ÊÇÎÞ·¨ÈÌÊÜµÄ.ÔÚ90HzµÄ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½ÏÂ,ÎÒµÄMultisync 3DÏÔÊ¾Æ÷(ÔÚ1024x768)ÒÑ¾­¹¤×÷ÁË¼¸Äê,¸Ð¾õ·Ç³£ÂúÒâ.ÎÒ²ÂÏëÐèÒªÖÁÉÙ70HzµÄÖðÐÐÏÔÊ¾Æ÷²ÅÄÜÍ¬ÑùÊæÊÊ.

¾¡¹ÜÈç´Ë,ÄãÒª×¢ÒâÉÙÊýÒªµã:Ö»ÔÚ¸ß·Ö±æÂÊÏÂÊ¹ÓÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½,Òò¶ø½»Ìæ±äÁÁµÄÉ¨ÃèÏßÊÇ±Ë´Ë¿¿½ôµÄ.ÄãÒ²ÐíÒªÓëÍ¬²½Âö³åµÄ¿í¶ÈºÍÎ»ÖÃ´ò½»µÀÒÔ»ñµÃ×îÎÈ¶¨µÄÉ¨ÃèÏßÎ»ÖÃ.Èç¹ûÉ¨ÃèÏßÊÇ½»ÌæÃ÷°µµÄ,½»´íµÄÍ¼Ïó»á{\itshape Ìø\/}³öÀ´.ÎÒÓÐÒ»¸öÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÐòÑ¡ÁËÕâÑùÒ»¸öµãÍ¼°¸×÷Îª²Ëµ¥±³¾°(XCept,ÐÒÔËµÄÊÇ¾ÝÎÒËùÖªÃ»ÓÐÆäËüÓ¦ÓÃ³ÌÐòÊÇÕâÑù).ÎªÁËÊ¹ÓÃXCept,ÎÒÇÐ»»µ½800x600,ÒòÎª²»ÕâÑùµÄ»°ËüÕæµÄÉËº¦ÎÒµÄÑÛ¾¦.

ÎªÁËÏàÍ¬Ô­Òò,Ê¹ÓÃÖÁÉÙ100dpi×ÖÌå,»òÆäËüË®Æ½±Ê»­ÖÁÉÙÎªÁ½ÌõÉ¨ÃèÏß¿íµÄ×ÖÌå(¶Ôì¶¸ß·Ö±æÂÊ,±ðµÄ×ÖÌå¶¼Ã»ÓÐÒâÒå).

µ±È»ÁË,µ±ÄãµÄÓ²¼þÔÚÏà½üµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊÏÂÖ§³ÖÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½µÄ»°¾Í²»ÒªÊ¹ÓÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½.

¿ÉÊÇ,Èç¹ûÄã·¢ÏÖÔÚÄ³Ð©·Ö±æÂÊÏÂÄã°ÑÏÔÊ¾Æ÷»òÏÔÊ¾¿¨ÍÆµ½ÁËËüÃÇµÄÉÏÏÞ,ÈÔµÃµ½ÁîÈË²»ÂúµÄÉÁË¸»òË®³åÊ´°ã(³¬³öÆµ¿í)µÄÍ¼Ïó,ÄãÒ²ÐíÏëÒª³¢ÊÔÔÚÏàÍ¬·Ö±æÂÊÏÂÊ¹ÓÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½.µ±È»Èç¹ûÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷³¡Æµ(VSF)ÒÑ¾­½Ó½üÆä¼«ÏÞÕâÒ²ÊÇÃ»ÓÃµÄ.

ÉèÖÃ¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½ºÜÈÝÒ×:ÏóÖðÐÐÄ£Ê½Ò»Ñù½øÐÐ.Ö»Ðè¶à¿¼ÂÇÁ½¸öÊÂÏî:´¹Ö±ÐÐ×ÜÊý(ÔÚÄ£Ê½ÐÐµÄ×îááÒ»¸öÊý)ÐèÒªÊÇÒ»¸öÆæÊý,ÒÔ¼°µ±ÄãÖ¸¶¨"Interlace"±êÖ¾Ê±,ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÊµ¼Ê´¹Ö±Ö¡ÂÊ¼Ó±¶.Èç¹ûÄãÖ¸¶¨µÄÄ£Ê½¿´À´Ïó45HzÄ£Ê½µ«ÓÐ"Interlace"±êÖ¾,ÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷±ØÐëÖ§³Ö90HzÖ¡ÂÊ.

¾ÙÒ»¸öÀý×Ó,ÕâÊÇ1024x768¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½ÏÂÎÒµÄÄ£Ê½ÐÐ:ÎÒµÄMultisync 3DÄÜÖ§³Ö¸ßÖÁ90Hz³¡ÆµºÍ38KHzÐÐÆµ.

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
Modeline "1024x768" 45 1024 1048 1208 1248 768 768 776 807 Interlace
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


ÔÚ¸ÃÄ£Ê½ÏÂÁ½¸öÏÞÖÆ¶¼Ç¡µ±µØ»ù±¾ÓÃ¾¡ÁË.Ö¸¶¨ÏàÍ¬Ä£Ê½,Ö»ÊÇÃ»ÓÐ"Interlace"±êÖ¾,ÈÔÈ»¼¸ºõ´ïµ½ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Ë®Æ½ÄÜÁ¦µÄ¼«ÏÞ(ÑÏ¸ñÀ´Ëµ,ÉÔÎ¢µÍì¶³¡ÆµµÄÏÂÏÞ),µ«Í¼Ïó²úÉúÁËÎÞ·¨ÈÌÊÜµÄÉÁË¸.

»ù±¾ÉèÖÃ¹æÔò:Èç¹ûÄãÉèÖÃÒ»ÖÖÄ£Ê½,Ð¡ì¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷´¹Ö±ÄÜÁ¦µÄÒ»°ë,Ê¹´¹Ö±ÐÐ×ÜÊýÎªÆæÊý²¢¼ÓÈë"Interlace"±êÖ¾.´ó¶àÊýÇé¿öÏÂÏÔÊ¾ÖÊÁ¿½«»á¼«´ó¸Ä½ø.

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\section{ÎÊÓë´ð\label{answe}}



ÎÊ:Äã¾ÙµÄÀý×Ó²»ÊÇ±ê×¼µÄÆÁÄ»·Ö±æÂÊ,ÎÒ¿ÉÒÔÓÃËüÂð?

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ÎÊ:¸ø¶¨65MHzµãÊ±ÖÓºÍ55KHzÐÐÆµ(HSF)Ê±ÕâÊÇÎ¨Ò»µÄ·Ö±æÂÊÂð?

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ÎÊ:Äã¸ÕÌá¼°Á½ÖÖ±ê×¼·Ö±æÂÊ.ÔÚXconfigÖÐ,ÓÐºÜ¶à¿ÉÓÃµÄ±ê×¼·Ö±æÂÊ,ÄãÄÜ¸æËßÎÒÔÚÐÞ¸ÄÊ±ÐòÊ±ÊÇ·ñÓÐÊ²÷áÒªµãÂð?

´ð:¾ø¶ÔÓÐ!ÒÔÔÚµ±Ç°µÄXconfigÖÐÁÐ³öµÄ"±ê×¼"Ä£Ê½640x480ÎªÀý.ËüÊ¹ÓÃ25MHzÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊ,Ö¡³¤ÊÇ800ºÍ525={$>$}Ë¢ÐÂÂÊÔ¼Îª59.5Hz.²»Ì«»µ.µ«¶ÔºÜ¶àSVGA°å¿¨À´Ëµ28MHzÊÇÒ»¸öÍ¨³£¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃµÄÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊ.Èç¹ûÎÒÃÇÒÔÆäÇý¶¯640x480,°´ÕÕÎÒÃÇÉÏÃæÌÖÂÛµÄ²½Öè,Äã¿ÉµÃµ½Ö¡³¤Îª812(ÏòÏÂÉáÈëÎª808)ºÍ505.ÏÖÔÚË¢ÐÂÂÊÉýµ½68Hz,ÊÇÒ»¸ö¶ÔÔ­±ê×¼Ä£Ê½Ïàµ±ÓÐÒâÒåµÄ¸Ä½ø.

ÎÊ:ÄãÄÜ¶ÔÆù½ñÎªÖ¹ÎÒÃÇÒÑÌÖÂÛµÄÄÚÈÝ×÷¸ö×Ü½áÂð?

´ð:¼ò¶øÑÔÖ®:

\begin{enumerate}
\item ¶Ôì¶ÈÎºÎ¹Ì¶¨µÄÇý¶¯ÆµÂÊ,Ìá¸ß×î´ó·Ö±æÂÊ»áÕÐÖÂË¢ÐÂÂÊ½µµÍµÄ´ú¼Û´Ó¶ø´øÀ´¸üÃ÷ÏÔµÄÉÁË¸.
\item Èç¹ûºÜÏëÓÃ¸ß·Ö±æÂÊ¶øÄãµÄÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Ò²Ö§³Ö,Éè·¨»ñµÃÒ»¿éÌá¹©Æ¥ÅäµÄµãÊ±ÖÓ(DCF)µÄSVGA¿¨.Ô½¸ßÔ½ºÃ!
\end{enumerate}





\section{½â¾öÍ¼ÏóÎÊÌâ\label{fixes}}



ºÃ,ÄãÒÑ¾­»ñµÃÁËXÅäÖÃµÄÖµ.Äã°ÑËüÃÇ·ÅÈËXconfig²¢¼ÓÉÏÒ»¸ö²âÊÔÄ£Ê½µÄ±ê×¢.ÄãÆô¶¯X,ÈÈ¼üÇÐ»»µ½ÐÂÄ£Ê½,...¶øÍ¼Ïó¿´À´²»Õý³£.Äã¸ÃÔõ÷á°ì?ÕâÀïÊÇÒ»·ÝÇåµ¥,ÁÐ³ö³£¼ûµÄ\idx{ÊÓÆµÍ¼Ïó±äÐÎ}ÒÔ¼°ÈçºÎ½øÐÐ¾ÀÕý.

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\subsection{Í¼ÏóÏò×ó»òÏòÓÒÒÆÎ»}



Òª¾ÀÕýËü,ÒÆ¶¯ÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³å.»»ÑÔÖ®,¶Ô¶¨ÒåÁËÐÐÍ¬²½Âö³åÉÏÉýÑØºÍÏÂ½µÑØµÄË®Æ½Ê±Ðò¶ÎÖÐ¼äÁ½¸öÊý×Ö½øÐÐÔö¼õ(°´8µÄ±¶Êý).

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\subsection{Í¼ÏóÏòÉÏ»òÏòÏÂÒÆÎ»}



Òª¾ÀÕýËü,ÒÆ¶¯³¡Í¬²½Âö³å.»»ÑÔÖ®,¶Ô¶¨ÒåÁË³¡Í¬²½Âö³åÉÏÉýÑØºÍÏÂ½µÑØµÄ´¹Ö±Ê±Ðò¶ÎÖÐ¼äÁ½¸öÊý×Ö½øÐÐÔö¼õ.

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\subsection{Í¼ÏóÔÚË®Æ½ºÍ´¹Ö±·½Ïò¶¼Ì«´ó}



ÇÐ»»µ½Ò»¸ö¸ü¸ßµÄÏÔÊ¾Ê±ÖÓËÙ¶È.Èç¹ûÔÚÄãµÄÊ±ÖÓÉèÖÃÎÄ¼þÖÐÓÐ¶à¸öÄ£Ê½,ºÜ¿ÉÄÜÒ»¸öµÍËÙÄ£Ê½±»´íÎóµØ¼¤»îÁË.




\subsection{Í¼ÏóÔÚË®Æ½·½ÏòÌ«¿í(Ì«Õ­)}



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\subsection{Í¼ÏóÔÚ´¹Ö±·½ÏòÌ«Éî(Ì«Ç³)}



Òª¾ÀÕýËü,Ôö´ó(¼õÉÙ)´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤.»»ÑÔÖ®,¸Ä±äµÚ¶þ¸öÊ±Ðò¶ÎµÄµÚËÄ¸öÊý×Ö.ÎªÁË±ÜÃâÒÆ¶¯Í¼Ïó,Ò²°ÑÍ¬²½Âö³å(µÚ¶þºÍµÚÈý¸öÊý×Ö)ÒÆ¶¯Ò»°ëµÄµãÊý,ÒÔ±£³ÖÍ¼ÏóÔÚ¶ÔÓ¦µÄÏàÍ¬Î»ÖÃ.

ÈÎºÎ²»ÄÜÍ¨¹ýÕâÐ©¼¼ÇÉµÄ×éºÏÀ´½â¾öµÄ±äÐÎºÜ¿ÉÄÜÊÇ·¸ÁËÒ»Ð©¸ü»ù±¾´íÎóµÄ¼£Ïó,Èç¼ÆËã´íÎó»òµãÊ±ÖÓ¸ßì¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÄÜ´¦ÀíµÄ·¶Î§.

×îáá,¼Ç×¡Ôö´óÈÎÒ»¸öÖ¡³¤»á½µµÍÄãµÄË¢ÐÂÂÊ,·´Ö®ÒàÈ».

ÓÐÊ±ºòÄã¿ÉÒÔÍ¨¹ýµ÷ÕûÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÉÏµÄÆÁÄ»¿ØÖÆÀ´¾ÀÕýÐ¡µÄ±äÐÎ.È±µãÊÇÈç¹ûÄãÎªÁË¾ÀÕýÍ¼ÐÎÄ£Ê½ÎÊÌâ¶øµ÷ÕûµÃÀëÖÐÐÔ(³ö³§)Éè¶¨Ì«Ô¶µÄ»°,Ò²ÐíÔÚÎÄ±¾Ä£Ê½ÏÂÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Í¼Ïó»á±äµÃ¹Å¹Ö.¸ÄºÃÄãµÄÄ£Ê½ÐÐÊÇ¸üºÃµÄ·½·¨.




\section{»æÖÆÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÌØÐÔ\label{cplot}}



Òª»æÖÆÒ»·ÝÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Ä£Ê½Í¼,Äã½«ÐèÒªgnuplotÈí¼þ°ü(Ò»¸öÀàUNIX²Ù×÷ÏµÍ³ÏÂµÄ»æÍ¼ÓïÑÔ×ÔÓÉÈí¼þ)ºÍ{\ttfamily modeplot}¹¤¾ß.ËüÊÇÒ»¸öÊäÈëÃüÁîÐÐÑ¡ÏîÀ´»æÖÆÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÌØÐÔÍ¼µÄshell/gnuplot½Å±¾.

ÕâÀïÊÇ{\ttfamily modeplot}µÄÒ»·Ý¿½±´:

\begin{verbatim}
#!/bin/sh
#
# modeplot --- Éú³ÉÏÔÊ¾Æ÷¿ÉÊ¹ÓÃµÄXÄ£Ê½Í¼
#
# Ö´ÐÐ'modeplot -?'»ñÖª¿ØÖÆÑ¡Ïî.
#

# ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÃèÊö.Æµ¿íÒÔMHzÎªµ¥Î»,ÐÐÆµÒÔKHzÎªµ¥Î»,¶ø³¡ÆµÒÔHzÎªµ¥Î».
TITLE="Viewsonic 21PS"
BANDWIDTH=185
MINHSF=31
MAXHSF=85
MINVSF=50
MAXVSF=160
ASPECT="4/3"
vesa=72.5       # VESA½¨ÒéµÄ×îÐ¡Ë¢ÐÂÂÊ

while [ "$1" != "" ]
do
        case $1 in
        -t) TITLE="$2"; shift;;
        -b) BANDWIDTH="$2"; shift;;
        -h) MINHSF="$2" MAXHSF="$3"; shift; shift;;
        -v) MINVSF="$2" MAXVSF="$3"; shift; shift;;
        -a) ASPECT="$2"; shift;;
        -g) GNUOPTS="$2"; shift;;
        -?) cat <<EOF
modeplot control switches:

-t "<description>"      name of monitor            defaults to "Viewsonic 21PS"
-b <nn>                 bandwidth in MHz           defaults to 185
-h <min> <max>          min & max HSF (KHz)        defaults to 31 85
-v <min> <max>          min & max VSF (Hz)         defaults to 50 160
-a <aspect ratio>       aspect ratio               defaults to 4/3
-g "<options>"          pass options to gnuplot

The -b, -h and -v options are required, -a, -t, -g optional. You can use -g to pass a device type to gnuplot so that (for example) modeplot's output can be redirected to a printer. See gnuplot(1) for details.

The modeplot tool was created by Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com> based on analysis and scratch code by Martin Lottermoser <Martin.Lottermoser@mch.sni.de>

This is modeplot $Revision: 1.13 $
EOF
                exit;;
        esac
        shift

done

gnuplot $GNUOPTS <<EOF
set title "$TITLE Mode Plot"

# ÓÐÄ§Á¦µÄÊýÖµ.²»ÐÒµÄÊÇÌØÐÔÍ¼¶ÔËüÃÇµÄ¸Ä±äÏàµ±Ãô¸Ð,¶ø¶ÔÄ³Ð©ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ËüÃÇ²»ÄÜ´ú±íÊµ¼ÊÖµ.ÎÒÃÇÐèÒª¾À
# ÕýÕâÐ©ÖµÒÔ»ñµÃ¸ü½Ó½üµÄÄ£Ê½Í¼.ÕâÐ©ÖµÊÇ²éÕÒModeDBÊý¾Ý¿âÖÐ´óÁ¿µÄÖµ¶øµÃµ½µÄ.
F1 = 1.30       # ×ª»»Ë®Æ½·Ö±æÂÊµ½Ö¡¿íµÄ±¶Êý
F2 = 1.05       # ×ª»»´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊµ½Ö¡¸ßµÄ±¶Êý

# º¯Êý¶¨Òå(³ËÒÔ1.0Ç¿ÆÈ½øÐÐÊµÊýÔËËã)
ac = (1.0*$ASPECT)*F1/F2
refresh(hsync, dcf) = ac * (hsync**2)/(1.0*dcf)
dotclock(hsync, rr) = ac * (hsync**2)/(1.0*rr)
resolution(hv, dcf) = dcf * (10**6)/(hv * F1 * F2)

# ÔÚ×ø±êÖáÉÏ·ÅÖÃ±ê¼Ç
set xlabel 'DCF (MHz)'
set ylabel 'RR (Hz)' 6  # ÔÚYÖáÓÒ±ß·ÅÖÃËü

# Éú³ÉÍ¼ÐÎ
set grid
set label "VB" at $BANDWIDTH+1, ($MAXVSF + $MINVSF) / 2 left
set arrow from $BANDWIDTH, $MINVSF to $BANDWIDTH, $MAXVSF nohead
set label "max VSF" at 1, $MAXVSF-1.5
set arrow from 0, $MAXVSF to $BANDWIDTH, $MAXVSF nohead
set label "min VSF" at 1, $MINVSF-1.5
set arrow from 0, $MINVSF to $BANDWIDTH, $MINVSF nohead
set label "min HSF" at dotclock($MINHSF, $MAXVSF+17), $MAXVSF + 17 right
set label "max HSF" at dotclock($MAXHSF, $MAXVSF+17), $MAXVSF + 17 right
set label "VESA $vesa" at 1, $vesa-1.5
set arrow from 0, $vesa to $BANDWIDTH, $vesa nohead # style -1
plot [dcf=0:1.1*$BANDWIDTH] [$MINVSF-10:$MAXVSF+20] \
  refresh($MINHSF, dcf) notitle with lines 1, \
  refresh($MAXHSF, dcf) notitle with lines 1, \
  resolution(640*480,   dcf) title "640x480  " with points 2, \
  resolution(800*600,   dcf) title "800x600  " with points 3, \
  resolution(1024*768,  dcf) title "1024x768 " with points 4, \
  resolution(1280*1024, dcf) title "1280x1024" with points 5, \
  resolution(1600*1280, dcf) title "1600x1200" with points 6

pause 9999
EOF
\end{verbatim}


Ò»µ©ÖªµÀÁË{\ttfamily modeplot}ºÍgnuplotÈí¼þ°üÒÑ¾­ÔÚÊÊµ±Î»ÖÃ,ÄãÐèÒªÏÂÁÐÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÌØÐÔ:

\begin{itemize}
\item Æµ¿í(VB)
\item ÐÐÆµ·¶Î§(HSF)
\item ³¡Æµ·¶Î§(VSF)
\end{itemize}


»æÖÆ³ÌÐòÐèÒª½øÐÐÒ»Ð©²»ÍêÈ«¾«È·µÄ¼ò»¯¼Ù¶¨.Òò´ËµÃ³öµÄÍ¼Ö»ÄÜÊÇÒ»¸ö´ÖÂÔÃèÊö.ÕâÐ©¼Ù¶¨ÊÇ:

\begin{enumerate}
\item ËùÓÐ·Ö±æÂÊÓÐµ¥Ò»µÄ¹Ì¶¨ÆÁÄ»¸ß¿í±È AR = HR / VR .±ê×¼·Ö±æÂÊÓÐ AR = 4/3 »ò AR = 5/4 .{\ttfamily modeplot}³ÌÐòÄ¬ÈÏ¼Ù¶¨4/3,µ«Äã¿ÉÒÔÌæ»»Ëü.
\item ¶Ô¼ÆËãµÄÄ£Ê½,Ë®Æ½ºÍ´¹Ö±Ö¡³¤·Ö±ðÊÇË®Æ½ºÍ´¹Ö±·Ö±æÂÊµÄ¹Ì¶¨±¶Êý:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        HFL = F1 * HR
        VFL = F2 * VR
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}
\end{enumerate}


×÷ÎªÒ»·Ý´ÖÂÔµÄÖ¸ÄÏ,ÈÃ F1 = 1.30 ¶ø F2 = 1.05 (²éÔÄ\ref{frame} {()}"¼ÆËãÖ¡µÄ´óÐ¡").

ÏÖÔÚ´¦ÀíÒ»¸öÌØÊâµÄÍ¬²½ÆµÂÊ,ÐÐÆµ(HSF).¸ù¾Ý¸Õ²ÅÌá³öµÄ¼Ù¶¨,ÆäÃ¿¸öÖµ¶ÔÊ±ÖÓÆµÂÊDCF¶øÑÔÒÑ¾­¾ö¶¨Ë¢ÐÂÂÊRR,Ò²¾ÍÊÇËµ,¶ÔÐÐÆµ(HSF)Ã¿¸öÖµÓÐÒ»¸öº¯ÊýRR(DCF).Õâ¿ÉÒÔÒÀÏÂÁÐ¸÷ÏîµÃ³ö.

Ë¢ÐÂÂÊµÈì¶Ê±ÖÓÆµÂÊ³ýÒÔÖ¡³¤µÄ³Ë»ý:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        RR = DCF / (HFL * VFL)          (*)
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


ÁíÒ»·½Ãæ,Ë®Æ½Ö¡³¤µÈì¶Ê±ÖÓÂÊ³ýÒÔÐÐÆµ:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        HFL = DCF / HSF                 (**)
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


¸ù¾ÝÉÏÊöÁ½¸ö¼Ù¶¨VFL¿ÉÒÔ»¯ÎªHFL:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        VFL = F2 * VR
            = F2 * (HR / AR)
            = (F2 / F1) * HFL / AR      (***)
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


²åÈë(**)ºÍ(***)µ½(*)ÎÒÃÇµÃµ½:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        RR = DCF / ((F2 / F1) * HFL**2 / AR)
           = (F1 / F2) * AR * DCF * (HSF / DCF)**2
           = (F1 / F2) * AR * HSF**2 / DCF
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


¶Ôì¶¹Ì¶¨µÄHSF,F1,F2ºÍAR,ÔÚÎÒÃÇµÄÍ¼ÖÐÕâÊÇÒ»ÌõË«ÇúÏß.¶ÔÐÐÆµ×îÐ¡ÖµºÍ×î´óÖµ»­Á½ÌõÕâÑùµÄÇúÏßÎÒÃÇ¾ÍµÃµ½ÁËÔÊÐíÇøÓòµÄÁ½Ìõ±ß½ç.

´©¹ýÌØÐÔÇøÓòµÄÖ±Ïß´ú±íÌØ¶¨µÄ·Ö±æÂÊ.ÕâÊÇ»ùì¶(*)ºÍµÚ¶þ¸ö¼Ù¶¨:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        RR = DCF / (HFL * VFL) = DCF / (F1 * HR * F2 * VR)
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


Í¨¹ýÎªÄ³ÈË¸ÐÐËÈ¤µÄËùÓÐ·Ö±æÂÊ»­ÕâÑùµÄÖ±Ïß,ËûÄÜÁ¢¿Ì¼Ç×¡ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÌØÐÔ·¶Î§ÄÚ·Ö±æÂÊ,Ê±ÖÓÆµÂÊºÍË¢ÐÂÂÊÖ®¼ä¿ÉÄÜµÄ¹ØÏµ.×¢ÒâÕâÐ©Ïß²»ÒÀÀµì¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷µÄÌØÐÔ,µ«È·ÊµÒÀÀµì¶µÚ¶þ¸ö¼Ù¶¨.

{\ttfamily modeplot}¹¤¾ßÌá¹©¸øÄãÈÝÒ×µÄÍ¾¾¶»æÖÆÌØÐÔÍ¼.ÔËÐÐ{\ttfamily modeplot -?}¿´ËüµÄ¿ØÖÆÑ¡Ïî.Ò»¸öµäÐÍµ÷ÓÃÀàËÆÕâÑù:

\begin{tscreen}
\begin{verbatim}
        modeplot -t "Swan SW617" -b 85 -v 50 90 -h 31 58
\end{verbatim}
\end{tscreen}


-bÑ¡ÏîÖ¸¶¨Æµ¿í;-vºÍ-hÉèÖÃÐÐÆµºÍ³¡Æµ·¶Î§.

µ±ÔÄ¶Á{\ttfamily modeplot}µÄÊä³öÊ±,Ê¼ÖÕ¼Ç×¡ËüÖ»¸ø³ö½üËÆµÄÃèÊö.ÀýÈç,ËüºöÊÓÁËÓÉÍ¬²½Âö³å¿í¶ÈµÄ×îÐ¡ÒªÇóÔì³ÉµÄË®Æ½Ö¡³¤(HFL)µÄÏÞÖÆ,¶øÇÒËüµÄ¾«È·¶ÈÊÜÏÞì¶Á½¸ö¼Ù¶¨µÄ¾«È·¶È.Òò´ËËü²»ÊÇÔÚ\ref{synth} {(»ã×ÜÒÔÉÏÌÖÂÛ)}ÖÐ³öÏÖµÄÏêÏ¸¼ÆËã(Éæ¼°Ä³Ð©Î×Êõ)µÄ´úÌæÆ·.ÎÞÂÛÈçºÎ,¶Ôì¶Ê²÷áÄ£Ê½ÊÇ¿ÉÄÜµÄºÍÓÐÄÄÐ©Ïà¹ØÈ¨ºâ,ËüÓ¦¸Ã¸øÁËÄã¸üºÃµÄ¸Ð¾õ.




\section{ÖÂÐ»\label{credi}}



±¾ÎÄ×î³õÔ­ÐÎµÄ×÷ÕßÊÇChin Fang $<$fangchin@leland.stanford.edu$>$.

Eric S. Raymond $<$esr@snark.thyrsus.com$>$ ÔÚÅ¬Á¦Àí½âËüµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏÖØÐÂ¼Ó¹¤,ÖØÐÂ×éÖ¯ºÍÕûÌå¸ÄÐ´ÁËChin FangµÄÔ­×÷.ÔÚÕâ¸ö¹ý³ÌÖÐ,Ëû²¢ÈëÁËÓÉBob Crosson $<$crosson@cam.nist.gov$>$ Ð´µÄÁíÒ»ÆªHOWTOµÄ´ó²¿·ÖÄÚÈÝ.

¸ôÐÐÄ£Ê½×ÊÁÏÖ÷Òª×÷ÕßÊÇDavid Kastrup $<$dak@pool.informatik.rwth-aachen.de$>$.

Nicholas Bodley $<$nbodley@alumni.princeton.edu$>$ ¶ÔÏÔÊ¾Æ÷ÈçºÎ¹¤×÷µÄÕÂ½Ú½øÐÐÁË¸üÕýºÍ²ûÃ÷.

Payne Freret $<$payne@freret.org$>$ ¸üÕýÁË¹Øì¶ÏÔÊ¾Æ÷Éè¼ÆµÄÒ»Ð©¼¼ÊõÉÏµÄÐ¡´íÎó.

Martin Lottermoser $<$Martin.Lottermoser@mch.sni.de$>$ ¹±Ï×ÁËÓÃgnuplot»æÖÆÄ£Ê½Í¼µÄÏë·¨,½øÐÐÁË{\ttfamily modeplot}±³ááµÄÊýÑ§·ÖÎö.·¢²¼µÄ{\ttfamily modeplot}ÊÇÓÉESR¸ù¾ÝMartinµÄÔ­Ê¼gbuplot´úÂëÎª±¾ÎÄµÄÇé¿öÖØÐÂÉè¼ÆºÍ¹éÄÉ³öÀ´µÄ.

\end{document}
